A Comparative Study on the Characteristics of Heat Island in Gwangju Metropolitan City

광주광역시 열섬 특성에 관한 비교 연구

Gwangju Metropolitan City takes on basin formation surrounded by small and big mountains including Mt. Mudeung. High rise apartments are located at the foot of those mountains like a folding screen, which becomes a key factor to deteriorate urban climate. Massive energy consumption city was shaped for the past 40 years, due to a rapid increase of population and economic size. Such an increase accelerates the heat island phenomenon by reducing green land area. Against the backdrop of Gwangju City from 1940, when Gwangju Weather Station was established, to 2016, this study comparatively analyzed the meteorological data of Gwangju Weather Station with the measurement results of Daegu Weather Station. This is to make the need of the study on the heat island of Gwnagju City stand out from a social perspective by comparing with the measurement results of Daegu City, which is the hottest city in Korea. The results are as follows; The temperature change trend of Gwangju and Daegu was similar in comparison with annual mean temperatures of four major cities, namely Gwangju, Daejeon, Daegu and Seoul. According to the comparison of measurement results of Gwangju and Daegu Weather Stations, monthly mean temperature of Daegu ($2.2^{\circ}C$) rose $0.4^{\circ}C$ more than that of Gwangju ($1.8^{\circ}C$). In the remaining months except July, August and December, Gwangju rose $2.2^{\circ}C$ on average, and Daegu rose $2.5^{\circ}C$ on average. Temperature rise of both Gwangju and Daegu was bigger in spring and fall than in summer in terms of temperature change acording to season. Especially, winter temperature rise of Daegu was big, and this study confirmed that warming was seriously carried out.