Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Inhibitory Effect of Garlic Extract on Histamine Accumulation in Mackerel Meat

마늘 추출물의 고등어육에서의 히스타민 생성 억제

  • Shim, Jae-Hun (Department of BioFood Science and Technology, Agrc. Livestock Graduate School, Konkuk University & National Fishery Products Quality Management Service) ;
  • Paik, Hyun-Dong (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Si-Kyung (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University)
  • 심재훈 (건국대학교 농축대학원 바이오식품공학과.국립수산물품질관리원) ;
  • 백현동 (건국대학교 축산식품생명공학과) ;
  • 이시경 (건국대학교 축산식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2017.04.05
  • Accepted : 2017.05.29
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of garlic extract on histamine reduction in mackerel meat stored at $4^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$, respectively. The number of total bacteria in mackerel meat treated with 7.5% garlic extract was ten times lower than that of the control stored for 6 days of $4^{\circ}C$. However, there was no difference among the samples after 9 days of storage. Reduction of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) contents was observed in the normal control group at both temperatures. However, contents of these two polyunsaturated fatty acids slightly increased in garlic extract-treated fish. Amounts of volatile basic nitrogen increased over time in the control group, but decreased in the garlic extract-treated meat, indicating that garlic extract might suppress decomposition. No histamine was detected initially in all samples. However, a small amount of histamine (42.87 mg/kg) was detected in the control at 3 days after storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Histamine content increased continuously with storage period but was lower in mackerel meat containing garlic extract, in which histamine suppression was proportional to the concentration of garlic extract. It can be concluded that garlic extract could be utilized to extend the storage period of mackerel.

본 연구에서 고등어육을 $4^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 마늘 추출물을 2.5, 5.0, 7.5%를 첨가한 시험구와 대조구를 비교하여 히스타민의 저감화 효과를 조사하였다. 일반세균수는 저장 초기에 대조구와 추출물 처리구의 일반세균수는 비슷하게 측정되었으나 저장시간이 경과함에 따라 차이가 있어 6일 경과 후 7.5% 첨가구는 대조구의 일반세균수 대비 1 log cycle 정도 균이 억제되었다. 저장기간 경과에 따른 지방산 조성의 변화는 $4^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$에서 저장 중 eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA, C20:5)와 docosahexaenoic acid(DHA, C22:6)가 대조구에서 감소하였으나 마늘 추출물 첨가구에서는 다소 상승하였다. 휘발성 염기질소는 $4^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$ 저장실험 모두 시간이 경과함에 따라 지속해서 상승하였으나 마늘 추출물 첨가구의 휘발성 염기질소 함량이 낮게 나타나 마늘 추출물의 첨가는 고등어의 부패지연에 효과가 있었다. 히스타민 발생은 저장 초기에는 모든 실험구에서 히스타민이 검출되지 않았고 $4^{\circ}C$ 저장 실험구의 경우 3일차에서 대조구만 42.87 mg/kg 검출되었다. $15^{\circ}C$ 저장 시에도 저장기간이 경과할수록 지속해서 히스타민이 증가하였으나 마늘 추출물 첨가 농도가 높을수록 히스타민 생성억제 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 고등어의 저장성 연장에 도움을 줄 수 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

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