Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Burdock Vinegar Using Response Surface Methodology

반응표면분석법을 이용한 우엉식초 발효조건 최적화

  • Kim, Yi-Seul (Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Ho (Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University)
  • 김이슬 (대구대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 김성호 (대구대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2017.04.28
  • Accepted : 2017.07.31
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

In this study, we optimized fermentation conditions for burdock vinegar by response surface methodology. We confirmed the fermentation characteristics and major components of burdock vinegar. Alcohol fermentation of burdock extract added with 15% apple concentrates for vinegar production was performed. Consequently, 6.4% alcohol was produced after 5 days of fermentation. Central composite design was applied to investigate the effects of two independent variables, fermentation time (5~17 days; X1) and fermentation temperature ($26{\sim}34^{\circ}C$; X2), on fermentation of burdock vinegar. Fermentation conditions were optimized using characteristics of fermentation broth as a dependent variable. Acetic acid contents of dependent variables were 3.85~4.73% during acetic acid fermentation. The correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of the derived equation from the response surface regression for acetic acid contents was 0.9850 with significance level of 1%. Arctiin contents of all fermentation samples were 0.37~0.50 mg/100 mL, with an $R^2$ value of 0.8380 and significance level of 5%. We elicited a regression equation for each variable and superimposed the optimum area of fermentation conditions for characteristics and effective constituent contents of the fermentation broth. The predicted values for the optimum fermentation conditions for burdock vinegar were at $31^{\circ}C$ and 16 days.

본 연구에서는 우엉을 이용한 식초의 제조 가능성을 검토하였으며, 반응표면분석법을 통하여 우엉식초의 발효조건에 대한 영향을 모니터링하여 발효조건을 최적화하였다. 그리고 제조된 우엉 발효식초의 기능성 성분과 유효성분을 확인하였다. 식초 제조를 위해 우엉 추출액에 사과 농축액을 15% 첨가하여 알코올 발효시킨 결과, 5일 후 6.4%의 알코올이 생성되었다. 초산 발효조건을 확립하기 위해 중심합성계획법에 따라 발효시간, 발효온도를 독립변수로 하여 실험을 계획하였고, 발효액의 특성을 반응변수로 하여 실험한 후 발효조건을 최적화하였다. 17일간의 초산 발효 후 13개 실험구의 acetic acid 함량은 3.85~4.73%였으며, $R^2$ 값은 0.9850으로 1% 이내 유의수준에서 유의성이 인정되었다. Arctiin 함량의 범위는 0.37~0.50 mg%였으며, $R^2$ 값은 0.8380으로 5% 이내 유의수준에서 유의성이 인정되었다. 각 변수에 대한 회귀식을 도출하여 우엉식초 제조를 위한 최적 발효조건을 superimposing 한 결과 발효시간은 16일, 발효온도는 $30^{\circ}C$로 예측되었다.

Keywords

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