Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Physicochemical, structural, pasting, and rheological properties of potato starch isolated from different cultivars

품종별 감자전분의 이화학적, 구조적, 페이스팅 및 유변학적 특성

  • Lee, Jungu (Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Choi, Moonkyeung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kang, Jinsoo (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Chung, Yehji (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Jin, Yong-Ik (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Misook (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Youngseung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Chang, Yoon Hyuk (Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University)
  • 이준구 (경희대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최문경 (경희대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 강진수 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 정예지 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 진용익 (농촌진흥청 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 김미숙 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이영승 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 장윤혁 (경희대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2017.02.23
  • Accepted : 2017.05.01
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

The objective of this research was to elucidate the physicochemical, structural, pasting and rheological properties of potato starch isolated from a foreign potato cultivar ('Atlantic') and new domestic potato cultivars ('Goun', 'Sebong', and 'Jinsun'). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D NMR) showed that the structural properties of potato starch did not vary significantly with cultivars. RVA analysis demonstrated that the 'Atlantic' starch had the highest breakdown viscosity among all potato starches. In steady shear rheological analysis, all potato starch dispersions showed shear-thinning behaviors (n =0.63-0.72) at $25^{\circ}C$. The highest apparent viscosity (${\eta}_{a,5}$), consistency index (K), and yield stress (${\sigma}_{oc}$) were observed in the 'Goun' starch dispersion. In dynamic shear rheological analysis, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") values of new domestic potato starch dispersions were higher than those of the 'Atlantic' starch dispersion.

본 연구는 '대서' 품종과 국산 신품종 감자('고운', '새봉', '진선')로 추출한 감자전분의 이화학적, 구조적, 페이스팅 및 유변학적 특성에 대하여 평가하였다. 인 함량은 전분 포도당 잔기의 C-6에서의 인산화 정도에 따라 '대서' 전분이 유의적으로 높았고 '고운' 전분이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 인 함량은 전분의 peak viscosity에 영향을 미쳐 인 함량이 높은 '대서' 전분이 peak viscosity 또한 가장 높게 나타났다. Breakdown viscosity는 국산 신품종 감자전분이 '대서' 전분에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타남으로써 '대서' 전분보다 열과 전단에 의한 구조의 파괴가 적어 식품 가공에 이용하기 적합함을 확인하였다. 주사전자현미경, X-선 회절도, FT-IR 스펙트럼, 1D NMR 분석 결과 '대서' 전분과 국산 품종 감자전분의 구조적인 차이는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 정상유동 특성에서는 모든 전분에서 shear-thinning 현상이 나타났으며 그중에서도 특히 '고운' 전분이 가장 강한 shear-thinning 현상과 가장 높은 ${\eta}_{a,5}$, K, ${\sigma}_{oc}$값을 나타냈다. 동적 점탄특성에서는 본 연구에 사용한 모든 국산 신품종 감자전분의 G'과 G"이 '대서' 전분보다 높아 점탄성이 우수함을 입증하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 페이스팅 특성과 동적 점탄특성 결과를 통해 국산 신품종의 감자전분의 열과 전단에 대한 저항성이 '대서' 전분보다 높아 가공 시 구조의 파괴가 적으며 점탄성 또한 '대서' 전분보다 높아 가공시장에서 더 유용하게 쓰일 수 있음을 확인하였다. 즉 본 연구에 사용된 국산 신품종 감자 품종이 가공용으로서 '대서' 품종을 대체해 국내 감자 가공시장의 점유율을 높일 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다.

Keywords

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