DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Diagnostic Imaging of Congenital Meningoencephalocele in a Holstein Calf

  • Kwon, Kyunghun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Byungho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Sooyoung (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Cho, Jongki (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Youngwon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Hojung (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2016.12.30
  • Accepted : 2017.03.27
  • Published : 2017.03.31

Abstract

A 10-day-old, Holstein calf with facial mass of 10 cm in diameter at the forehead region referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Chungnam National University. The mass was soft and fluctuating swelling. It had normal skin and hair hanging forward from frontal region and was thought to contain cerebrospinal fluid. On the skull radiography, cauliflower like-irregular marginated, soft tissue opacity mass was identified craniodorsal to the frontal bone. The mass appeared as a cyst filled with anechoic fluid on ultrasonography. Soft tissue structures considered brain tissues were observed in the deep area of the mass. On the computed tomography, a large skull defect of left side frontal bone was found, and heterogeneous materials were exposed through the defect but exposure of cerebral meninges and brain tissue were not confirmative. On magnetic resonance imaging, herniated left brain parenchyma showed heterogenous T2 and T1 hyperinsensity. In the intracranium, T2 hyperinstense and T1 hypointense fluid was identified on the left side, instead of left cerebral parenchyma. Also leftward shift of right hemisphere and midline structure, including thalamus and midbrain, were observed. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed as a meningoencephalocele based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The calf was euthanized and necropsy was performed. On necropsy, both hemisphere were developed unequally with different size. One side hemisphere was grown in the outside through 10 cm hole on the median plane.

Keywords

References

  1. Back W, can den Belt AJ, Lagerweij E, can Overbeeke JJ and can der Velden MA. 1991. Surgical repair of a cranial meningocele in a calf. Vet. rec. 128:569-571. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.128.24.569
  2. Cho IC, Park YS, Yoo JG, Han SH, Cho SR, Park HB, Jeon KL, Moon KH, Cho HS and Kang TY. 2015. Two cases of meningocele and meningoencephalocele in jeju native pigs. BMC Vet. Research. 11:89. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0404-y
  3. Lahunta A, Glass E, Lahunta A and Glass E. 2009. Development of the nervous system: Malformation. Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology. Den. St. Louis. Saunders. pp.23-53.
  4. Mackillop E. 2011. Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial malformations in dogs and cats. Vet. Rad. 52:S42-S51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2010.01784.x
  5. Martle V, Caemaert J, Tshamala M, Soens IV and Bhattiu SF. 2009. Surgical treatment of a canine intranasal meningoencephalocele. Vet. Surg. 38:515-519. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2009.00534.x
  6. Ohba Y, Iguchi T, Hirose Y, Takasu M, Nishii N, Maeda S and Kitagawa H. 2008. Computer tomography diagnosis of meningoencephalocele in a calf. J. Ve.t Med. Sci. 70:829-831. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.70.829
  7. Parker AJ and Cusick PK. 1974. Meningoencephalocele in a dog (a case history). Vet. Med. Small Anim. Clin. 69:206-207.
  8. Philip LM, Mohan MR, Bastin F and Sajesh MG. 2012. Surgical repair of frontal meningocele in a kid. J. Indian Vet Assoc. 10:50-52.
  9. Vogt DW, Ellersieck MR, Deutsch WE, Akremi B and Islam MS. 1986. Congenital meningocele-encephalocele in an experimental swine herd. Am. J. Vet. Res. 47:188-191.
  10. Yaman T, Erdogan S, Terzi F and Ozildiz Z. 2013. Congenital meningoencephalocele in a Brown Swiss Calf: A case report. Eurasian J. Vet. Sci. 110-113.