PNF and Movement

Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association (대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

What is the Optimal Application Method of Rhythmic Stabilization or Stabilizing Reversals to Improve Balance?

균형 향상을 위한 율동적 안정 또는 안정적 반전의 효과적인 적용방법은?

  • Shin, Seung-Sub (Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association in South Seoul Gyeonggi)
  • 신승섭 (대한고유수용신경근촉진법학회 서울.경기남부회)
  • Received : 2017.02.22
  • Accepted : 2017.03.11
  • Published : 2017.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study reviewed articles to identify the optimal rhythmic stabilization or stabilizing reversals application method for improving balance. Methods: The Cochrane, EBSCO, eArticle, Embase, DBpia, KISS, Medline, ProQuest, PubMed, SAGE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer, and Wiley databases were used to search articles from 1990 to January 2017. The search terms included: "rhythmic stabilization" and "stabilizing reversals." Only experimental human studies (randomized controlled trials) that compared the effects of varying the optimal application of rhythmic stabilization or stabilizing reversals to improve balance were included in the review. Non-English language (except Korean) and unpublished studies were excluded. Results: During the research, 1,098 articles were initially identified. Of these articles, nine were randomized controlled trials. Of these nine articles, five were in English, and four were in Korean. In addition, three of the trials did not measure the patients' balance, two did not report the intensity and location of the resistance, and three performed the rhythmic stabilization incorrectly. Only one article met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining study evaluated the participants' performance of the alternating trunk flexor and extensor isometric contraction of the scapulae using the optimal resistance for 10 seconds in a sitting position. The participants completed three sets of eight repetitions with rest intervals of 30 seconds between the repetitions and 60 seconds between the sets. Conclusion: Due to the lack of the scientific research on the topic, this review may not provide the evidence needed to support the optimal application of rhythmic stabilization or stabilizing reversals to improve balance. Future research should consider the methodological quality to identify the proper rhythmic standardization and stabilizing reversals application method.

Keywords

References

  1. Adler SS, Beckers D, Buck, M. PNF in practice, 4th ed. Hong Kong. Springer. 2014.
  2. Allison L, Fuller K. Balance and vestibular disorder. In Umphred D (ed): Neurological rehabilitation, 4th ed. Missouri. Mosby. 2001.
  3. Areeudomwong P, Wongrat W, Neammesri N, et al. A randomized controlled trial on the long-term effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training, on pain-related outcomes and back muscle activity, in patients with chronic low back pain. Musculoskeletal Care. 2016.
  4. Bello M, Maifrino LM, Gama EF, et al. Rhythmic stabilization versus conventional passive stretching to prevent injuries in indoor soccer athletes: a controlled clinical trial. Journal of bodywork and movement therapie. 2011;15(3):80-383.
  5. Dopson S, Locock L, Gabbay J, et al. Evidence-based medicine and the implementation gap. An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine. 2003;7(3):311-330. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363459303007003004
  6. Goo BO, Park SM, Kim AJ, et al. Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on trunk stability and balance in elderly people with chronic low back pain; The application of rhythmic stabilization and combination of isotonics. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2007;5(2):37-46.
  7. Grove C, Dewane J, Brody LT. Imparied balance. In Brody LT & Hall CM (ed): Therapeutic exercise: moving toward function, 3rd ed. China. Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health. 2011.
  8. Gugiu PC, Westine CD, Coryn CL, et al. An application of a new evidence grading system to research on the chronic care model. Evaluation & the health profession. 2013;36(1):3-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278712436968
  9. Huo M, Yin K, Li D, et al. Influence on probe reaction time of rhythmic stabilization during sitting. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2010;22(4):443-445. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.22.443
  10. Jacobson BH, Thompson B, Wallace T, et al. Independent static balance training contributes to increased stability and functional capacity in community- dwelling elderly people: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation. 2011;25(6):549-556. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215510392390
  11. Jaspreet K, Manoj M, Priyanka T. A comparative study on effects of core stability exercises and PNF on balance, flexibility and endurance in overweight females. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy. 2013;7(4):73-78. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.0973-5674.7.4.125
  12. Jensen GM, Gwyer J, Hack LM, et al. Expertise in physical therapy practice. Missouri. Elsevier. 2007.
  13. Kang TW, Ham KH. Effect of trunk stability exercise with stabilizing reversals and rhythmic stabilization of PNF for muscle strength and balance ability in stroke patient. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2014;12(2):63-69.
  14. Kim CH, Kim BR, Kang MG. Effect of Rhythmic stabilization technique, before proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation wrist taping, on grip strength and pain in wrist pain patients. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2016a;14(2):105-112. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2016.14.2.105
  15. Kim DK, Na EJ, Moon SH. Effects of using PNF sitting position on dynamic balance in a patient with a cerebellar injury. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2016b;14(2):149-155. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2016.14.2.149
  16. Kim Y, Kim E, Gong W. The effects of trunk stability exercise using PNF on the functional reach test and muscle activities of stroke patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2011;23(5):699-702. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.23.699
  17. Kisner C, Colby LA. Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques, 6th ed. Philadelphia. FA Davis. 2012.
  18. Kitchen S. Electrotherapy: evidence-based practice, 11th ed. New York. Churchill Livingstone. 2002.
  19. Kofotolis N, Kellis E. Effects of two 4-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation programs on muscle endurance, flexibility, and functional performance in women with chronic low back pain. Journal of the American Physical Therapy Association. 2006;86(7): 1001-1012.
  20. Kofotolis ND, Vlachopoulos SP, Kellis E. Sequentially allocated clinical trial of rhythmic stabilization exercises and TENS in women with chronic low back pain. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2008;22(2):99-111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215507080122
  21. Kowalski E, Chung KC. The outcomes movement and evidence-based medicine in plastic surgery. Clinics in plastic surgery. 2013;40(2):241-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2012.10.001
  22. Kumar S, Tiwari, SP. Effect of PNF technique for knee muscles on lower limb performance in subacute stroke-an experimental study. International Journal on Disability and Human. 2016;15(1):37-42.
  23. Lee HO, Kim DK, Ryu SG, et al. The effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance in patients with hemiplegia: application of rhythmic stabilization and combination of isotonic technique. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2007;5(2):55-62.
  24. Lesinski M, Hortobagyi T, Muehlbauer T, et al. Effects of balance training on balance performance in healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports medicine. 2015;45(12):1721-1738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0375-y
  25. Lord SR, Menz HB, Tiedemann A. A physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and prevention. Journal of the American Physical Therapy Association. 2003;83(3):237-252
  26. McEwen I. Writing case reports: a how-to manual for clinicians, 3rd ed. American Physical Therapy Association. 2001.
  27. Michaels MB. Research in the Era of evidence-based practice. In Connolly BH, Montgomery PC (ed): therapeutic exercise in developmental disabilities, 3rd ed. New Jersey. SLACK. 2005.
  28. Nichols DS, Glenn TM, Hutchinson KJ. Changes in the mean center of balance during balance testing in young adults. Journal of the American Physical Therapy Association. 1995;75(8):699-706.
  29. Rhee MH, Kim LJ. Muscle tone changes in the lower limbs of stroke patients induced by trunk stabilization exercises. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(8):2663-2664. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.2663
  30. Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, et al. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. British medical journal/British Medical Association. 1996;312:71-72.
  31. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine, 2nd ed. (how to practice and teach EBM). London. Churchill Livingstone. 2000.
  32. Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. London. Churchill Livingstone. 1997.
  33. Schreiber J, Stern P. A review of the literature on evidence-based practice in physical therapy. Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice. 2005;3(4):9-18.
  34. Shin JW, Lee SM, Kim JJ. The effects of stabilizing reversals and rhythmic stabilization in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique on the static balance in normal female adult. Journal of Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. 2015;13(3):119-125.
  35. Shumway-Cook A, Anson D, Haller S. Postural sway biofeedback: its effect on reestablishing stance stability in hemiplegic patients. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1988;69:395-400.
  36. Tonelli MR. In defense of expert opinion. Academic Medicine. 1999;74(11):1187-92. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199911000-00010
  37. Youssef EF, Shanb AA. Supervised versus home exercise training programs on functional balance in older. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences. 2016;23(6):83-93.
  38. Zech A, Hübscher M, Vogt L, et al. Balance training for neuromuscular control and performance enhancement: a systematic review. Journal of athletic training. 2010;45(4):392-403. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.4.392
  39. Zidarov D, Thomas A, Poissant L, et al. Knowledge translation in physical therapy: from theory to practice. Disability and rehabilitation. 2013;35(18):1571-1577. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2012.748841