KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Physicochemical Properties of Rice Flour of Different Cultivars using Wet and Dry Milling Processes

제분방법에 따른 품종별 쌀가루의 이화학적 특성 및 소화율

  • 박지영 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 이석기 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 박혜영 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 최혜선 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 조동화 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 이경하 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 한상익 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 논이용작물과) ;
  • 조준현 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부 논이용작물과) ;
  • 오세관 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과)
  • Received : 2017.06.22
  • Accepted : 2017.07.13
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

Rice flours from five rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties with different amylose content were prepared by both wet and dry milling processes. The moisture content of wet-milled rice flours (WMR) was approximately three-times higher than that of dry-milled rice flours (DMR). Water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and swelling power (SP) increased in proportion to temperature. The WAI, WSI and SP values of DMR were higher than those of WMR. Baeokchal (BOC), which is a waxy rice cultivar, had a significantly high WSI value. Pasting properties of DMR, except for the BOC cultivar, resulted in an increase in peak, trough, final, and setback viscosities. The levels of resistant starch in four cultivars, except for Dodamssal (DDS), were under 1%, irrespective of the milling process, whereas the resistant starch contents of DMR and WMR in DDS were 9.18% and 6.27%, respectively. In vitro digestibility of WMR was higher than that of DMR, and the estimated glycemic index of the rice flour varieties ranged from 57.6 to 81.3. Damaged starch content of WMR was less than that of DMR; in addition, a negative correlation was observed between the amylose and damaged starch contents of WMR. These results suggest that the properties of rice flour vary depending on the milling method and flour variety, and could be a reference for selecting the appropriate processing method.

본 연구는 아밀로스 함량이 다양한 5가지 쌀 품종별 제분방법에 따른 쌀가루 이화학적, 식품학적 특성을 분석하고 다양한 가공이용성 구명을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 1. 품종별 습식 및 건식 쌀가루의 수분특성을 분석한 결과, $50^{\circ}C$에 비해 $80^{\circ}C$에서 건식쌀가루의 WAI, WSI가 가장 높은 결과를 나타내었고, 특히 '백옥찰'이 높은 수분흡착 및 수분용해지수를 나타내었다. 팽윤력의 경우는 아밀로스 함량과 부의상관관계를 보였고, 습식보다는 건식쌀가루의 팽윤력이 높았다. 2. 손상전분 함량은 건식쌀가루에서 높았고, 품종별 손상전분 함량은 '백옥찰>새고아미>미호>도담쌀>일품' 순으로 나타났다. 습식쌀가루의 손상전분 함량은 '백옥찰>미호>일품>새고아미>도담쌀'로 나타나 아밀로스 함량과 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 3. 가용전분함량은 '일품과 새고아미'를 제외하고, 습식으로 제분하였을 때 증가하였고, 저항전분함량은 '도담쌀'을 제외하고는 제분방법 관계없이 1% 미만이었다. '도담쌀'의 건식쌀가루 저항전분 함량은 9.18로서 습식쌀가루 6.27에 비하여 높게 나타나 가공용도에 따라서는 건식제분이 효과적일 것으로 보였다. 4. 건식쌀가루가 습식쌀가루에 비해 최고점도 및 최저점도가 높았으며, 치반점도의 경우 제분방법에 관계없이 '백옥찰'이 가장 낮은 결과를 보였다. 고아밀로스 '도담쌀'의 경우, 제분방법 및 온도변화 관계없이 점도변화가 크지 않았으며 점도가 가장 낮은 특성을 보였다. 5. 제분방법에 다른 쌀가루 품종별 혈당지수는 57.6~81.3의 범위를 나타내었고, 습식 제분 했을 경우 혈당지수가 올라가는 경향을 보였으며, '도담쌀'을 제외하고는 품종간 차이는 두드러지지 않았다. '일품과 새고아미'의 건식쌀가루의 혈당지수는 낮은 경향을 나타내었고, 특히 '도담쌀'은 가장 낮은 전분 가수분해 지수 및 혈당지수를 나타내었다.

Keywords

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