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파종시기별 유효적산온도(GDD)가 옥수수의 생육 및 수량변화에 미치는 영향

Effects of Growing Degree Days on Growth and Yield of Maize Depending on the Sowing Date

  • 김미정 (농촌진흥청) ;
  • 정건호 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 김성국 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 이재은 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 전원태 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 심강보 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 김민태 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 우관식 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 권영업 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 허성기 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부)
  • Kim, Mi Jung (R&D Coordination Division, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Jung, Gun Ho (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kim, Sung Kook (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Lee, Jae Eun (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Jeon, Weon Tai (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Shim, Kang Bo (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kim, Min Tai (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Woo, Koan Sik (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kwon, Yong Up (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Heu, Sunggi (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA., Department of Central Area, Crop Sci., National Institute of Crop Science)
  • 투고 : 2017.04.12
  • 심사 : 2017.07.13
  • 발행 : 2017.09.30

초록

국내에서 육성된 옥수수의 파종기에 따른 생육 및 수량을 알아보기 위하여 광평옥, 강다옥, 양안옥, 신광옥, 장다옥, 청안옥, 청다옥, 안다옥, 다평옥, 평강옥, 평안옥, 다안옥, 수원 184, 강일옥, P3394 등 총 15종의 옥수수품종이 시험연구에 사용되었다. 파종기는 4월 5일, 6월 25일, 7월 5일 총 3회 파종하였다. 종합적인 생육을 보면 강다옥이 착수고율 조금 높지만 생육이 4월 또는 7월에 파종 시 가장 좋았다. 그 다음엔 광평옥으로 광평옥의 경우 전체적인 생육은 강다옥 보다는 조금 낮았지만 착수고율이 낮아 재배 시에 좀 더 유리하게 작용할 수 있겠다. 다안옥의 경우 생육은 4월에 파종하나 7월에 파종하나 모든 경우에 다 좋지 않았다. 그러나 식용으로 사용하기 위하여 재배적인 측면에서 곡실의 수량과 이삭의 형태 등만을 고려한다면 파종 시기에 관계없이 평강옥과 다평옥이 이삭무게와 종실무게가 많아서 좋은 품종으로 제시할 수 있다. 곡실용 옥수수의 생육에는 출사기까지 유효적산온도가 가장 중요한 요인으로 작용하였으며 유효적산 온도가 $1500^{\circ}C{\sim}1800^{\circ}C$ 이상만 되면 정상적인 생육이 이루어지고 충분한 수량을 확보할 수 있었다. 식용 옥수수의 경우 당도와 질감 등 많은 고려 요소가 필수요소로 첨가 되어야 하므로 앞으로 이러한 연구가 더 진행되어 재배적인 측면과 식품으로서의 가치 평가가 함께 이루어 져야 정확한 품종 제시가 가능해 질 것이다.

A total of 15 different corn hybrids, Kwangpyeongok, Gangdaok, Yanganok, Singwangok, Jangdaok, Cheonganok, Cheongdaok, Andaok, Dapyeongok, Pyeongkangok, Pyeonganok, Daanok, Sunwon 184, Gangilok, and P3394 was used to investigate the growth and yield depending on the sowing date. The sowing dates were April 5, June 25, and July 5 and each experiments was performed in triplicste. The growth of Gangdaok was the highest. However, although the growth of Kwangpyeongok, was lower thanthar of Gangdaok, its stem height to ear height ratio was lower than that of Gangdaok, thus, Kwangpyeongok may be more suitable for stable cultivation. Both growth and yield of Daanok were low, regardless of planting date, but yield and ear shape of Pyeongkangok and Dapyeongok were for fresh corn. Growth and yield of the 15 different corn hybrids varied depending on the planting date, However, the growth degree days (GDD) was the most important factor governing the maturity of corn. More than $1500^{\circ}C$ of GDD was sufficient to harvest mature corn hybrids in the central region of Korea. Besides yield and growth, other characteristics, such as sweetness and taste of the hybrids, should be investigated further the selection of the best corn hybrid.

키워드

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피인용 문헌

  1. Sowing Date and Hybrid Choice Matters Production of Maize-Maize System vol.14, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42106-020-00104-6