Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas (한국가스학회지)

The Korean Institute of GAS (한국가스학회)
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Probabilistic Prediction of Estimated Ultimate Recovery in Shale Reservoir using Kernel Density Function

셰일 저류층에서의 핵밀도 함수를 이용한 확률론적 궁극가채량 예측

  • Shin, Hyo-Jin (Dept. of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Hwang, Ji-Yu (Dept. of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Lim, Jong-Se (Dept. of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 신효진 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 황지유 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 임종세 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
  • Received : 2016.11.30
  • Accepted : 2017.06.22
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

The commercial development of unconventional gas is pursued in North America because it is more feasible owing to the technology required to improve productivity. Shale reservoir have low permeability and gas production can be carried out through cracks generated by hydraulic fracturing. The decline rate during the initial production period is high, but very low latter on, there are significant variations from the initial production behavior. Therefore, in the prediction of the production rate using deterministic decline curve analysis(DCA), it is not possible to consider the uncertainty in the production behavior. In this study, production rate of the Eagle Ford shale is predicted by Arps Hyperbolic and Modified SEPD. To minimize the uncertainty in predicting the Estimated Ultimate Recovery(EUR), Monte Carlo simulation is used to multi-wells analysis. Also, kernel density function is applied to determine probability distribution of decline curve factors without any assumption.

생산성을 증대시키는 기술의 발달로 상업적인 생산이 가능해진 비전통 가스에 대한 개발이 북미를 중심으로 진행되고 있다. 셰일 저류층은 유체투과도가 낮으며, 일반적인 석유자원과 달리 수압파쇄로부터 생성된 균열을 통해 가스 생산이 이루어지므로 초기의 생산 감퇴율이 큰 반면 후반부에서는 감퇴하는 변화율이 매우 작은 특징을 나타낸다. 이러한 셰일가스의 생산량 변동성으로 인해 단일 예측값을 산출하는 생산감퇴곡선분석기법을 생산량 자료 분석에 적용할 경우 불확실성을 고려하기 어렵다. 이 연구에서는 미국 Eagle Ford 지역의 생산정 자료에 대하여 확률론적 기법 중 하나인 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 적용하였으며, 생산감퇴곡선인자에 대한 난수발생 시 핵밀도 함수를 활용하여 분포에 대한 가정 없이 자료의 특성을 반영한 확률분포를 도출하였다. 또한, 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 Arps 쌍곡선함수와 치밀/셰일층의 특성을 고려하여 생산량 예측이 가능한 Modified SEPD 적용에 있어 단일값이 아닌 확률에 따른 궁극가채량을 예측함으로써 불확실성을 최소화하고자 하였다.

Keywords

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