Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Changes in quality characteristics of sliced garlic with different freezing conditions during storage

냉동조건에 따른 편마늘의 냉동저장 중 품질변화

  • Kim, Seok-Young (Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Sun (Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Se (Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Gwi-Jung (Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김석영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김희선 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김진세 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 한귀정 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원)
  • Received : 2017.07.18
  • Accepted : 2017.10.20
  • Published : 2017.10.30
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Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of different freezing conditions and storage periods on physicochemical and microbial characteristics of garlic. Garlics were washed, dried, sliced to 0.3 cm then packed in LDPE+LLDPE film bags. They were treated with still-air freezing at $-20^{\circ}C$ (SAF20), $-40^{\circ}C$ (SAF40) and immersed-liquid freezing at $-40^{\circ}C$ (ILF40). Frozen garlics were stored under frozen storage conditions for 7 months at $-20^{\circ}C$ and quality characteristics were measured monthly during the frozen storage. Freezing rate of garlic was the fastest in ILF 40 (10 min), SAF40 (40 min) and SAF20 (1,600 min) sequentially. In ILF40, drip loss, cutting force, total aerobic bacteria count and pH were the lowest, whereas pyruvic acid and allicin content were the highest (p<0.05) during frozen storage, these results were the most similar characteristics with the fresh garlic. During frozen storage, drip loss, color difference and total organic acid content were significantly fluctuated in SAF20 (p<0.05), while they were not changed in ILF40. Overall, total aerobic bacteria count and pH decreased, cutting force, pyruvic acid and allicin content remained unchanged in all groups. In conclusion, the optimal freezing conditions for garlic with the least quality changes was considered to be ILF40 (immersed liquid freezing), keeping quality characteristics up to 7 months by freezing storage.

본 연구는 냉동 편마늘의 냉동 조건과 냉동 저장기간에 따른 품질특성변화를 분석하였다. $-20^{\circ}C$ 완만냉동(SAF20), $-40^{\circ}C$ 완만냉동(SAF40) 및 $-40^{\circ}C$ 침지식 냉동(ILF40)으로 마늘을 동결한 후 $-20^{\circ}C$에서 7개월간 저장하면서 이화학적 및 미생물학적 특성을 분석하였다. 냉동곡선결과 최대빙결 정생성대를 통과한 시간이 SAF20은 1,600분, SAF40은 40분, ILF40은 10분 이내로 나타나 ILF40의 냉동속도가 가장 빨랐다. 드립로스 역시 ILF40에서 저장기간 동안 최소 0.00%, 최대 0.23%를 나타내어 다른 냉동조건에 비해 가장 낮게 나타났고(p<0.05) 저장기간 동안 일정한 수준으로 유지되었다. 모든 냉동조건에서 15일 냉동 후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 L 값은 감소, a 값은 증가, b 값은 변화가 없었으며 색차값의 변화는 SAF40에서 가장 작게 나타난 반면 SAF20에서 크게 나타났다. 절단강도는 모든 냉동조건에서 15일 냉동 후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 증가하였고(p<0.05) ILF40에서 신선마늘의 절단강도와 가장 유사했으며 저장기간 동안 일정한 수준으로 유지되었다. 일반세균은 모든 냉동 조건에서 15일 냉동 후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 증가하였지만(p<0.05) ILF40에서 일반세균수가 가장 적었으며 저장기간 동안 모든 냉동조건에서 감소하였다(p<0.05). pH는 모든 냉동조건에서 15일 냉동 후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 증가하였고(p<0.05) ILF40에서 신선마늘과 가장 유사하였으며 저장기간 동안 모든 냉동조건에서 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 총 유기산 함량은 모든 냉동조건에서 15일 냉동후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 증가하였으며(p<0.05) 저장기간 동안 ILF40에서 다른 냉동조건 대비 함량변화가 일정했다. 피루브산과 알리신 함량은 모든 냉동조건에서 15일 냉동 후 해동 시 신선마늘 대비 급격히 감소하였지만(p<0.05) ILF40에서 그 함량이 가장 높았으며 저장기간 동안 모든 냉동조건에서 큰 변화 없이 일정했다. 이상의 결과 냉동 편마늘의 품질변화에 영향을 주는 요인은 냉동저장기간보다 냉동조건임을 확인하였고 신선마늘의 품질을 장기간 안정하게 유지할 수 있는 냉동방법으로 침지식 냉동이 가장 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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