Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Impact of Social Support for and Self-esteem of North Korean Adolescent defectors on their Problem Solving Ability

탈북청소년의 사회적지지 및 자아존중감이 문제해결능력에 미치는 영향

  • 채경희 (총신대학교 기독교교육학과)
  • Received : 2017.09.21
  • Accepted : 2017.11.03
  • Published : 2017.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Given that the ratio of adolescents among North Korean refugees is increasing, it is the right time to study the present situation of juvenile North Korean defectors. North Korean adolescents tend to find themselves in an uncomfortable situation as they experience unfamiliar lives in South Korea, and act passively in various situations. A proper resolution of such problems in this situation will help them adapt smoothly to South Korean society. This study investigates the relationship between social support, self-esteem, and problem-solving abilities of North Korean adolescent refugees based on a survey on 213 North Korean teens which was performed for 24 days beginning on June 14 2017. The study results show that emotional, material, informational, and evaluative support for North Korean adolescent defectors, which is a type of social support, had a positive effect on their self-esteem, and self-esteem in turn had a positive effect on their problem solving ability. In addition, self-esteem had a mediating effect on the relationship between the four types of social support and problem solving ability of North Korean adolescent defectors. This study suggested a practical plan to improve the problem solving ability of North Korean adolescent defectors for their smooth adaptation to South Korean society, through social support and improved self-esteem of North Korean adolescents, such as program development or self - development training.

본 연구는 국내 입국탈북자들 중, 청소년 탈북자의 비율이 증가하고 있는 상황에서 탈북청소년에 대한 연구가 필요한 시점을 바탕으로 연구를 진행하였으며, 본 연구의 대상인 탈북청소년들은 한국 생활에서 경험하는 다양한 상황을 낯설어하고 소극적으로 대처하는 경향이 있고, 이러한 상황에서 적절하게 문제를 해결하는 것은 한국 사회 적응에 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 연구대상 탈북청소년 213명을 대상으로 2017년 06월 14일부터 24일 동안 설문조사를 실시하여 탈북청소년의 사회적지지, 자아존중감, 문제해결능력 간의 관계를 구조방정식 모형을 통해 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 탈북청소년 사회적지지 유형인 정서적, 물질적, 정보적, 평가적 지지는 자아존중감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 자아존중감은 탈북청소년의 문제해결능력에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탈북청소년의 사회적지지 4가지 유형과 문제해결능력 간의 관계에서 자아존중감은 매개효과가 있는 것을 검증하였다. 본 연구는 탈북청소년의 사회적 지지와 자아존중감을 통해 한국 사회 적응을 위한 문제해결능력을 향상시키기 위한 프로그램 개발이나 자기개발훈련 등의 실천적인 방안을 제안하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Unification, North Korean defectors' policy, http://www.unikorea.go.kr/(Search date: July 15, 2017)
  2. Y. L. Jung, S. H. Yoo, "A Phenomenological Study on the Thinking Changes Experienced by North Korean Youth Refugees during the Adjustment to South Korean Society", Multicultural Education Studies, vol. 7, no. 1 pp. 51-75, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14328/MES.2014.03.31.051
  3. Y. S. Park, Study on the characteristics of social support and social adjustment of North Korean refugee adolescents in South Korea. Doctoral Thesis, Seoul Women's University of Korea, 2006.
  4. N. H. Oh, Case Study about Adjustment in South Korea of Youth Defector. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2003.
  5. C. H. Jang, "Social Work Approach for the Adjustment of children and Youth from North Korea", Journal of Korean Social Welfare, vol. 5 pp. 203-235, 2001.
  6. Y. S. Park, Study on the characteristics of social support and social adjustment of North Korean refugee adolescents in South Korea. Doctoral Thesis, Seoul Women's University of Korea, 2006.
  7. J. S. Hhwang, S. Y. Jeon, "Adaptation Support Plan for North Korean Defectors in South Korea", Korean Policy Sciences Review, vol. 8, no. 3 pp. 223-249, 2004.
  8. S. H. Jung, A Study on the Social Network of North Korean Youth Defectors. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2002.
  9. E. B. Gil, S. H. Mun, "The policy implications and problems on social adjustment of North Korean youths in South Korea,", Korean Journal of Youth Studies, vol. 10, no. 4 pp. 163-186, 2003.
  10. H. H. Jung, "North Korean Refugees' Emotionality and Its Social Implications : A Perspective from Cultural Psychology", Cross-Cultural Studies, vol. 11, no. 1 pp. 81-111, 2005.
  11. J. G. Cheong, "An Investigation into the Ways of Thinking of the students from North Korea", Journal of Research Institute for Unification and Multi Cultural Education, vol. 4, no. 1 pp. 79-97, 2011.
  12. M. H. Han, A. J. Yoo, "The Relation of Stress and Perceived Social Support to Problem Behavior", Korean Journal of Child Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 pp. 173-188, 1996.
  13. M. Barrera, "Distinctions between social support concepts, measures, and models", American Journal of Community Psychology, vol. 14, no. 4 pp. 413-445, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00922627
  14. M. S. Kim, The relation between social support and maladjustment of children. Master's Thesis, Sookmyung Women's University of Korea, 1994.
  15. E. Wethington, R. C. Kessler, "Perceived support, received support, and adjustment to stressful life events", Journal of Health and Social behavior, pp. 78-89, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2136504
  16. J. S. House, Work stress and social support. 1981.
  17. S. Coopersmith, The antecedents of self-esteem. Consulting Psychologists Pr., 1967.
  18. P. H. Mussen, J. J. Conger, Child development and personality. 1956.
  19. Y. J. Hong, The effects of self-esteem, stress and parenting style on social problem solving ability. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2001.
  20. M. Rosenberg, Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton university press, 1965. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400876136
  21. R. E. Mayer, M. C. Wittrock, "Problem solving", Handbook of Educational Psychology, vol. 2 pp. 287-303, 2006.
  22. H. H. Perlman, Social casework: A problem-solving process. University of Chicago Press, 1957.
  23. B. R. Compton, B. Galaway, Social work processes. Wadsworth Pub Co., 1999.
  24. T. J. D'Zurilla, A. M. Nezu, "Social problem solving", Advances in Cognitive-behavioral Research and Therapy, vol. 1 pp. 201-274, 1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-010601-1.50010-3
  25. T. J. D'Zurilla, A. M. Nezu, "Problem-solving therapy", Handbook of Cognitive-behavioral Therapies, vol. 3 pp. 197-225, 2010.
  26. T. J. D'Zurilla, A. M. Nezu, "Social problem solving", Advances in Cognitive-behavioral Research and Therapy, vol. 1 pp. 201-274, 1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-010601-1.50010-3
  27. R. M. Baron, D. A. Kenny, "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 51, no. 6 p. 1173, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173