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Influence of Smartphone usage Types and Excessive Expectation for Smartphone on Adolescents' Smartphone Overdependence

스마트폰 사용유형과 스마트폰에 대한 과도한 기대가 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존에 미치는 영향

  • 배성만 (단국대학교 심리치료학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.20
  • Accepted : 2018.09.27
  • Published : 2018.12.31

Abstract

This study examined the effects of smartphone usage types and excessive expectation for smartphone on adolescents' smartphone overdependence. It utilized the data of 3,454 adolescents (1,758 males and 1,696 females), aged between 13 and 19 from a smartphone overdependence survey of the National Information Society Agency. As a result of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, age and household income had a negative effect on smartphone overdependence. Weekly smartphone usage time positively affected the serious consequences (sub-factor of smartphone overdependence). Among the different types of smartphone usage, information seeking, SNS, gaming, and the excessive expectation for smartphones had positive impact on smartphone overdependence. Smartphone usage for leisure seeking did not affect smartphone overdependence, but it negatively influenced serious consequences. Messenger use did not affect smartphone overdependence, but the use had a positive effect on salience, and a negative effect on serious consequences. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to identify the types of smartphone use as well as the usage time to understand the smartphone dependence of adolescents. In addition, it seems necessary to recognize and correct the irrational excessive expectation for smartphone in order to prevent dependence and implement effective interventions.

본 연구는 스마트폰 사용유형과 스마트폰에 대한 과도한 기대가 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구는 한국정보화진흥원의 2017년 스마트폰 과의존 실태조사 자료 중 13세에서 19세까지의 청소년 3454명(남자 1,758명, 여자 1,696명)의 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과, 연령과 가계수입은 스마트폰 과의존에 부적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 스마트폰의 주중 사용시간은 스마트폰 과의존의 하위요인인 문제적 사용에 정적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 스마트폰 사용 유형 중 정보추구, SNS 및 게임을 위한 스마트폰 사용과 스마트폰에 대한 과도한 기대는 스마트폰 과의존에 정적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 여가추구를 위한 스마트폰 사용은 스마트폰 과의존에는 영향을 미치지 못했으나, 스마트폰 과의존의 하위요인인 문제적 사용에는 부적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 메신저를 위한 스마트폰 사용은 스마트폰 과의존에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 반면, 메신저 사용은 스마트폰 과의존의 하위요인인 현저성에는 정적으로 영향을 미쳤고, 문제적 사용에는 부적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구의 결과는 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존을 이해하데 있어 사용시간뿐만 아니라 주로 사용하는 스마트폰 사용유형을 확인할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 스마트폰 과의존의 예방과 효과적인 개입을 위해 스마트폰에 대한 과도한 기대를 수정하는 노력이 필요함을 시사한다.

Keywords

<표 1> 연구 참여자의 인구사회학적 특성

Socio-demographic characteristics (N=3,453)

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0001.png 이미지

<표 2> 스마트폰에 대한 과도한 기대 척도

Excessive expectancy on smartphone scale

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0002.png 이미지

<표 3> 청소년・성인・고령층 스마트폰 과의존 척도

Smartphone over-dependence scale for adolescents, adults, seniors

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0003.png 이미지

<표 4> 피어슨 상관분석

Correlation between variables

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0004.png 이미지

<표 5> 스마트폰 과의존에 대한 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과

Hierarchical multiple regression on smartphone over-dependence

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0005.png 이미지

<표 6> 조절실패에 대한 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과

Hierarchical multiple regression on self-oontrol failure

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0006.png 이미지

<표 7> 현저성 대한 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과

Hierarchical multiple regression on salience

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0007.png 이미지

<표 8> 문제적사용에 대한 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과

Hierarchical multiple regression on problematic use

JBSHBC_2018_v25n4_65_t0008.png 이미지

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