Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Dietary risk assessment for suspected endocrine disrupting pesticides in agricultural products in Busan, Korea

부산지역 유통 농산물의 내분비계 장애추정농약 위해평가

  • Kwon, Hyeon-Jeong (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Ok, Yeon-Ju (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Kim, Chan-Hee (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Park, Mi-Jung (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Hwang, Hye-Sun (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Youn, Jong-Bae (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Cha, Kyung-Suk (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Jo, Hyun-Cheol (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health & Environment)
  • 권현정 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 옥연주 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김찬희 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 박미정 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 황혜선 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 윤종배 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 차경숙 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 조현철 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원)
  • Received : 2017.09.25
  • Accepted : 2017.12.18
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

Studies on suspected endocrine disrupting pesticide (EDP) residues in agricultural products were carried out in 2016 in Busan, Korea. Twelve different EDPs, ranging in concentration between 0.003-2.049 mg/kg, were detected in 19.5% of 462 samples. About 0.2% of agricultural product samples exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Risk indices of all of the EDPs were less than 10% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The outcomes indicated that the risk groups at highest risk of exposure to diazinon (found in Korean cabbages) and carbendazim (found in apples) were females aged 40 to 49 and young males less than 10 years old, respectively. Based on the stochastic assessment at $95^{th}$ percentile (P95), risk index in these risk groups accounted for 8.38 and 2.98% of ADIs. The results showed that the occurrence of EDP residues in agricultural products could not be considered a public health problem.

평가를 성별, 연령 그룹별로 진행하였다. 그 결본 연구에서는 2016년 부산지역 유통 농산물에 잔류된 내분비계 장애추정농약(EDPs)이 인체에 노출되었을 때 발생할 수 있는 위해성을 성별, 연령별 그룹으로 나누어 비교 분석하였다. 총 462건의 채소류와 과일류에서 12종의 EDPs 90건이 검출되어 19.5%의 검출률을 보였고, 그 중 엇갈이배추에서 다이아지논 1건(0.2%)이 잔류허용기준을 초과하였다. 부산지역 농산물의 일일평균섭취량과 체중은 국민건강영양조사 제6기 자료를 이용하였으며 성별, 연령별로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 농산물 섭취량에 따른 내분비계 장애추정농약의 위해평가 결과 검출된 모든 EDPs의 %위해도가 평균 1 미만, 최고검출 값을 반영한 %위해도가 10 미만으로 나타나 위해성이 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 잔류허용기준을 초과한 엇갈이배추의 다이아지논은 평균 %위해도가 0.74, 최고검출 값을 적용한 %위해도가 8.38이었으며, 여성 만 40세-49세 그룹에서 평균 위해도는 2.74%, 최대 위해도는 31.11%으로 가장 높은 위해성을 보였다. 또한 사과의 카벤다짐은 평균 %위해도가 0.27, 최고검출 값을 적용한 %위해도가 3.93이었으며, 남성 만 10세 미만의 그룹에서 평균 %위해도는 0.80, 최대 %위해도는 11.74으로 10을 초과한 결과를 보였다. 다이아지논과 카벤다짐의 경우 단일 값을 적용한 위해평가의 불확실성과 극단성을 보정하기 위하여 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 통한 확률론적 위해 평가를 성별, 연령 그룹별로 진행하였다. 그 결과 $95^{th}$ 퍼센타일의 확신도에서 엇갈이배추의 다이아지논은 여성 만 40세-49세 그룹의 위해도가 8.38%이었으며, 사과의 카벤다짐은 남성 만 10세 미만의 그룹의 위해도가 2.98%로, 모두 ADI 대비 10% 미만의 결과를 보였으므로 위해성은 크지 않았다. 부산지역 유통 농산물에 잔류된 내분비계 장애추정농약의 위해성을 평가한 결과 인체 건강상의 유해한 영향을 가져올 것이라 보이진 않으나, 다른 농약에 비해 위해도가 높았던 다이아지 논과 카벤다짐의 경우 지속적인 모니터링과 관리가 필요하며, 이러한 농약 대신에 비교적 위해성이 낮은 대체품을 이용하거나 각 농산물 품목에 설정된 잔류허용기준을 준수하여 사용할 수 있도록 농약의 취급자와 사용자를 대상으로 적극적인 교육과 홍보가 이루어져야한다. 또한, 대중적으로 섭취량이 많은 농산물과 위해 성이 큰 농약의 경우 기존의 기준을 재정비하는 등의 정책적인 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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