벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)

  • 제13권1호
  • /
  • Pages.1-10
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 1975-7557(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2671-9509(eISSN)
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)
권호 표지

기업가적 기민성 영향요인

Impact Factors of Entrepreneurial Alertness

  • Kim, Woo-Young (Dept. of Business Administration, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyoung-Gil (Dept. of Business Administration, Jeju National University) ;
  • Hwangbo, Yun (Graduate School of Global Entrepreneurship, Kookmin University)
  • 투고 : 2018.01.18
  • 심사 : 2018.02.14
  • 발행 : 2018.02.28
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

최근 학계 및 정부 관계자들로부터 기업가정신에 대한 중요성이 강조되면서 기업가정신 연구 분야에서 기업가적 기민성을 기업가적 사고 방식의 핵심적인 능력으로 규명하고자 하는 연구들이 이어지고 있다. 국내 학술연구에서는 해외에서의 이러한 활발한 연구 흐름과 달리 기업가적 기민성에 관한 연구가 아직까지 본격적으로 이루어지고 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 한국적 환경에서 기업가적 기민성에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지를 규명하고자, 서울, 경기 지역의 창업, 중소기업 대표자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여, 기업가적 기민성에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관하여 실증 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 Ardichvili의 Alertness 모형에 따라 기업가적 기민성에 미치는 독립변수로서 시장기술사전지식, 긍정적 태도, 사회적 네트워크, 월간도서건수로 선정하였고, 통제변수로서 응답자의 인구통계학적 특성인 성별, 연령, 창업경력을 선정하였다. 실증 분석 결과에 따르면, 독립변수로서 시장기술사전지식, 긍정적 태도, 월간도서건수는 기업가적 기민성에 긍정적(+)인 영향을 주는 것으로 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 다만 사회적 네트워크는 측정변수를 정량적 지표인 정기모임 건수, 비정기모임 건수, 사적 모임 건수로 다루었으나 기업가적 기민성에 통계적으로 유의적인 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구가 가지는 몇 가지 한계점에도 불구하고 국내 학술연구에서 그동안 다루지 않았던 기업가적 기민성 요인에 관하여 실증 연구를 통하여 기업가적 기민성에 영향을 미치는 요소들이 무엇인지를 살펴보았다는데 학문적 기여가 있다고 하겠다.

The importance of entrepreneurship has been emphasized recently from academia and government officials and studies trying to investigate entrepreneurial alertness as core competence of entrepreneurial mindset in the research field of entrepreneurship continue. In domestic academic research, research on entrepreneurial alertness has not yet been conducted in earnest, unlike the active flow of research overseas. This paper aims to investigate what factors influence entrepreneurial alertness in the Korean environment, we conducted an empirical analysis through a questionnaire survey for CEOs of small and medium enterprises in Seoul, Gyeonggi province. In this study, we selected prior knowledge of markets and technology, positive attitude, social network, number of books per month as independent variables on entrepreneurial agility based on Ardichvili's Alertness model, and as control variables respondents' Demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, founding career were selected. According to the results of the empirical analysis, prior knowledge of markets and technology, positive attitudes, number of books per month as independent variables, showed positive influence on entrepreneurial alertness, showing statistical significance. However, the social network picked up measured variables by the number of regular meetings which are quantitative indicators, but found that there is no statistically significant effect on entrepreneurial alertness. Despite several limitations of this research, we investigate what factors influence entrepreneurial alertness through empirical research on entrepreneurial alertness impact factors that have not been explained in the domestic academic research. Although you saw it, it can be said that there is academic contribution.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ardichvili, A., & Cardozo, R.(2000). A model of the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition process, Journal of Enterprising Culture, 8(2).
  2. Ardichvili, A., Cardozo R., & Ray S.(2003). A theory ofEntrepreneurial Opportunity Identification andDevelopment, Journal of Business Venturing, 18,105-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(01)00068-4
  3. Baron, R. A.(2006). Opportunity recognition as pattern recognition: How entrepreneurs ''connect the dots'' to identify new business opportunities. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(1), 104-119. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2006.19873412
  4. Baumol, W. J., Litan, R. E., & Schramm, C. J.(2007). Good capitalism, bad capitalism, and the economics of growth and prosperity, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  5. Birch, D. L.(1987). Job creation in America: How our smallest companies put the most people to work, New York: Free Press.
  6. Brandstatter, H.(2011). Personality aspects of entrepreneurship: A look at five meta-analyses. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(3), 222-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.007
  7. Busenitz, L. W.(1996). Research on entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Small Business Management, 34(4), 35-44.
  8. Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1996). Creativity, HarperCollins, New York.
  9. Corner, P. D., & Ho, M.(2010). How opportunities develop in social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34(4), 623-659.
  10. Damon, W., Bronk, K. C., & Porter, T.(2015). Youth entrepreneurship. Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: An Interdisciplinary, Searchable, and Linkable Resource.
  11. De Koning, A.(1999). Conceptualizing Opportunity Recognition as a Socio-Cognitive Process, Centre for Advanced Studies in Leadership, Stockholm, Sweden.
  12. Gaglio, C. M., & Katz, J. A.(2001). The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness. Small Business Economics, 16(2), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011132102464
  13. Granovetter, M.(1973). The Strength of Weak ties, American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360-1380. https://doi.org/10.1086/225469
  14. Hills, G. E.(1995). Opportunity recognition by successful entrepreneurs: A pilot study, Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson College, Wellesley, MA, 103-121.
  15. Hills, G., Lumpkin, G.T., & Singh, R. P.(1997). Opportunity recognition: perceptions and behaviors of entrepreneurs, Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research. Babson College, Wellesley, MA, 203-218.
  16. Hirschi, A., & Fischer, S.(2013). Work values as predictors of entrepreneurial career intentions. Career Development International, 18(3), 216-231. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2012-0047
  17. Hisrich, R., Langan-Fox, J., & Grant, S.(2007). Entrepreneurship research and practice: A call to action for psychology. American Psychologist, 62(6), 575-589. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.62.6.575
  18. Kaish, S., & Gilad, B.(1991). Characteristics of opportunities search of entrepreneurs versus executives: sources, interests, general alertness, Journal of Business Venturing, 6(1), 45-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(91)90005-X
  19. Kane, T.(2010). The importance of startups in job creation and job destruction, Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Foundation.
  20. Kang, B. S. & Kim, K. S.(2009). Statistical Analysis for Social Science, Hanarae Press, Seoul, Korea.
  21. Kirzner, I. M.(1973). Competition and Entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press, Chicago.
  22. Kirzner, I. M.(1979). Perception, opportunity, and profit, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  23. Kirzner, I. M.(1999). Creativity and/or alertness: a reconsideration of the Schumpeterian entrepreneur. Review of Austrian Economics, 11(1-2), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007719905868
  24. Krueger, N. J. & Brazeal, D. H.(1994), 'Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs', Entrepreneurship Theory Practice, 19, 91-104.
  25. Krueger, N. J. & Dickson, P. R.(1994). 'How believing in ourselves increases risk taking: perceived', Decision Sciences, May/June, 25(3), 385-401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1994.tb01849.x
  26. Lehrer, J.(2008). The Eureka Hunt, The New Yorker-Annals of Science, July 28.
  27. Ma, R., & Huang, Y. C.(2016). Opportunity-based strategic orientation, knowledge acquisition, and entrepreneurial alertness: The perspective of the global sourcing suppliers in China, Journal of Small Business Management.
  28. McMullen, J. S., & Shepherd, D. A.(2006). Entrepreneurial action and the role of uncertainty in the theory of the entrepreneur, Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 132-152. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2006.19379628
  29. Moon, S. Y., & Hwangbo, Y.(2011). An Exploratory Study on Start-up Opportunity Sources Analysis and Opportunity Search of Korean Young Entrepreneurs -Focused on a participants of Seoul Young Entrepreneurs 1000 Project-, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 6(4), 39-57.
  30. Neck, C. P., & Manz, C. C.(1992). Thought self-leadership: The impact of self-talk and mental imagery on performance, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12, 681-699.
  31. Neck, C. P., & Manz, C. C.(1996). Thought self-leadership: The impact of mental strategies training on employee cognition, behavior, and affect, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(5), 445-467 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199609)17:5<445::AID-JOB770>3.0.CO;2-N
  32. Noe, K. S.(2015). Easy & Practical Statistical Analysis for Dissertation, Hanvit Academy, Seoul, Korea.
  33. Obschonka, M.(2013). Entrepreneurship as 21st century skill: Taking a developmental perspective. In M. Coetzee (Ed.), Psycho-social career meta-capacities: Dynamics of contemporary career development, 293.306.
  34. Obschonka, M., Hakkarainen, K., Lonka, K., & Salmela-Aro, K.(2016). Entrepreneurship as a twenty-first century skill: entrepreneurial alertness and intention in the transition to adulthood, Small Business Economics, Amsterdam: Springer.
  35. Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2010). Entrepreneurial intention as developmental outcome, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77(1), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.02.008
  36. OECD.(1999). Social enterprises, Paris: OECD.
  37. Ray, S., & Cardozo, R.(1996). Sensitivity and creativity in entrepreneurial opportunity recognition: a framework for empirical investigation, Presented at the Sixth Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Imperial College, London.
  38. Reed, S. K.(2004). Cognition: Theory and Applications, 6th ed., Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Belmont, CA.
  39. Ronstadt, R.(1988). 'The Corridor Principle', Journal of Business Venturing, 3(1), 31-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(88)90028-6
  40. Shane, S,(1999). Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities, Organization Science, 11(4), 448-469 https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.11.4.448.14602
  41. Shane, S.(2003). A General Theory of Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar, Northampton, MA.
  42. Shane, S.(2012). Reflections on the 2010 AMR decade award: Delivering on the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 37(1), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2011.0078
  43. Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S.(2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research, Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611
  44. Schoon, I., & Duckworth, K.(2012). Who becomes an entrepreneur? Early life experiences as predictors of entrepreneurship, Developmental Psychology, 48(6), 1719-1726. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029168
  45. Tang, J., Kacmar, K. M., & Busenitz, L.(2012). Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities, Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), 77-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.07.001
  46. Uy, M. A., Chan, K. Y., Sam, Y. L., Ho, M. H. R., & Chernyshenko, O. S.(2015). Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.005
  47. Von Hippel, E.(1994). ''Sticky information'' and the locus of problem solving: implications for innovation, Management Science, 40(4), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.40.4.429
  48. Weick, K.(1996). Drop your tools: an allegory for organizational studies, Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(2), 301-314. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393722