Journal of Biosystems Engineering

Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery (한국농업기계학회)
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Cellulose-based Nanocrystals: Sources and Applications via Agricultural Byproducts

  • Seo, Yu-Ri (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woo (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas) ;
  • Hoon, Seonwoo (Department of Industrial Machinery Engineering, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jangho (Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Chung, Jong Hoon (Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lim, Ki-Taek (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2018.02.06
  • Accepted : 2018.02.28
  • Published : 2018.03.01
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Abstract

Purpose: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are natural polymers that have been promoted as a next generation of new, sustainable materials. CNCs are invaluable as reinforcing materials for composites because they can impart improved mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties and they are biodegradable. The purpose of this review is to provide researchers with information that can assist in the application of CNCs extracted from waste agricultural byproducts (e.g. rice husks, corncobs, pineapple leaves). Methods & Results: This paper presents the unique characteristics of CNCs based on agricultural byproducts, and lists processing methods for manufacturing CNCs from agricultural byproducts. Various mechanical treatments (microfluidization and homogenization) and chemical treatments (alkali treatment, bleaching and hydrolysis) can be performed in order to generate nanocellulose. CNC-based composite properties and various applications are also discussed. Conclusions: CNC-based composites from agricultural byproducts can be combined to meet end-use applications such as sensors, batteries, films, food packaging, and 3D printing by utilizing their properties. The review discusses applications in food engineering, biological engineering, and cellulose-based hydrogels.

Keywords

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