Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
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Types of Hazardous Factors and Time-trend of Exposure Levels from the Working Environment at a Shock Absorber Manufacturing Facility

자동차 쇼크업소바 제조사업장의 작업자 노출 유해인자의 종류 및 노출수준의 경시적 변화

  • Na, Gyu-Chae (Department of Environmental and Industrial Health, Graduate School of Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Moon, Chan-Seok (Department of Environmental and Industrial Health, Graduate School of Catholic University of Pusan)
  • 나규채 (부산가톨릭대학교 대학원 산업안전보건학과) ;
  • 문찬석 (부산가톨릭대학교 대학원 산업안전보건학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.23
  • Accepted : 2018.12.15
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Objective: This study examines the types of hazardous factors in the working environment and the time-trend for their exposure levels over 10 years (2007 to 2016). Study Design and Method: The types of hazardous factors and exposure levels were drawn from the 19 measurement reports on the working environment over 10 years at a shock absorber manufacturing facility. Risk assessment of the types of factors and time-trend of exposure levels were evaluated using the factors and exposure levels. Results: A total of 34 hazardous factors were evaluated. The types were noise, 15 organic compounds, seven kinds of acid sand alkalis, eight kinds of heavy metals, and three other compounds. Special management materials used were nickel, hexavalent chrome, and sulfuric acid. Human carcinogens (1A) used were trichloroethylene, nickel, and sulfuric acid. There were six types of substances belonging to the IARC's 2B (body carcinogens) classification or higher, including, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl benzene, and trichloroethylene. No detection was found for 627 out of the 2065 total measurements in 19 exposure survey reports, representing 30.4%. Organic solvents, acid and alkali products, and heavy metals showed continuous low exposure concentrations. Noise, welding fumes, and the evaluation of mixed solvents show a gradual decrease in geometric mean and maximum over the time-trend of 10 years. Conclusions: In the case of a shock absorber manufacturing facility, the hazardous factors of noise and the evaluation of mixed solvents still indicate high concentrations exceeding the exposure limits and necessitate reduction studies. These two factors and welding fumes showed a continuous decrease in their ten-year tendency. Organic compounds, acids/alkalis, and heavy metals were managed smoothly in a work environment of continuous low concentrations.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Diagram of work processes in the manufacture factory

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Figure 2. Variation of exposure level of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide

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Figure 3. Variation of exposure level of chromium(VI), copper, manganese, zinc oxide, iron oxide, barium, and titanium dioxide

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Figure 4. Variation of exposure level of noise

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Figure 5. Variation of exposure level of oil mist

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Figure 6. Variation of exposure level of welding fume

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Figure 7. Variation of evaluation of mixed solvents

Table 1. Subjected hazardous factors in each work

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Table 2. Carcinogenicity of subjected hazardous factors

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Table 3. Exposure levels of organic solvents

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Table 4. Variation of exposure level of noise in each working process

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