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Breeding of a new cultivar of Flammulina velutipes: 'Baeke'

팽이 신품종 '백이' 육성

  • Im, Ji-Hoon (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jang, Kab-Yeul (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Oh, Youn-Lee (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Oh, MinJi (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Seul-ki (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Raman, Jegadeesh (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kong, Won-Sik (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 임지훈 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 장갑열 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 오연이 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 오민지 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 이슬기 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • ;
  • 공원식 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과)
  • Received : 2018.12.10
  • Accepted : 2018.12.31
  • Published : 2018.12.31

Abstract

Flammulina velutipes, which is a white rot fungus, is a commercially important edible mushroom and is produced in large quantities with the help of an automated and mechanized cultivation system in Korea. F. velutipes has the lowest distribution rate among domestic cultivars, estimated at about 20 percent. As most white cultivars of F. velutipes produced and exported to Korea were introduced from Japan, farmers pay large amounts of royalties. Therefore, we have developed a new, purely domestic cultivar, "Baeke," to substitute for Japanese cultivars, which has improved storage characteristics for export. Baeke was bred by mating two monokaryotic strains isolated from ASI 4216-18 (Hansol) and ASI 4217-26 (Baekjung). Baeke showed faster mycelial growth and higher mycelial density upon incubation for seven days at $25^{\circ}C$ on PDA media than the control variety. The mycelial growth of Baeke was even maintained at $30^{\circ}C$ unlike the control. The lengths of pilei and stipes in Baeke harvested in the optimal stage were $11.2{\pm}0.5mm$ and $125{\pm}5.4mm$, respectively, and they were $11{\pm}0.5mm$ and $141.9{\pm}5.7mm$, respectively, in the control harvested in the optimal stage. The yields of Baeke ($257.4{\pm}13.5g$) and control ($270.7{\pm}17.8g$) per 1,100ml in bottle cultivation showed no significant difference. Overall, our results showed that Baeke was at par with foreign varieties of Flammulina velutipes in terms of quality and yield and had a uniformly shaped fruitbody, which added to its commercial value.

팽이의 신품종을 개발하기 위하여 모균주 ASI 4216(한솔)과 4217(백중)으로부터 단포자를 분리하여 단핵균주를 얻고 이들의 교잡을 통해서 꺽쇠연결체가 확인된 교잡주총 129점을 선발하였다. 교잡주를 대상으로 3회에 걸쳐 재배시험 결과, 고온에서 배양이 가능하며 수량성이 우수한 계통 'Fv14a51'을 최종선발되었으며, 생산력검정 시험을 통해 2017년 농작물 직무육성 품종 심의회에서 '백이'로 명명되었다. 주요 특성은 균사생장이 $30^{\circ}C$의 고온에서도 균활력을 유지할 정도로 강한 온도적응성 품종이고 대조품종에 비해 갓이 두껍고 대가 얇는 형태를 띠는 것 외에는 갓색깔이 순백색이며, 갓모영은 반구형, 수량은 $257.4{\pm}13.5g$으로 대조품종과 비교해서 대체적으로 유사하였다. RAPD primer을 통해 유전적 다형성을 검정한 결과, 대조구인 '오키노메구미', 2016년에 육성된 '백승'과 신품종이 유전적으로 구별되는 것을 확인하였다. 전반적으로 '백이'는 수량과 품질이 외국품종과 거의 유사하였으며, 버섯의 균일한 형태로 상업적 가치가 있었다. 신품종의 현장실증을 확대하여 국산품종이 국내에 확산되기를 기대한다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. The pedigree of new commercial strain in F. velutipes. ASI 4216(Hansol), ASI 4217(Baekjung)

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Fig. 2. Mycelial growth of Flammulina velutipes at different temperature

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Fig. 3. Mycelial growth of F. velutipes at different media

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Fig. 4. Morphology of fruiting body of Baeke(upper) and Okinomegumi (lower)

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Fig. 5. PCR amplicon profiles from genomic DNA of F. velutipes generated by using UPF primer. M; 100bp DNA ladder, 1; Baeke, 2; Baekseung, 3; Okinomegumi(ASI 4226), 4; F6?(ASI 4210)

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Fig. 6. Phylogenetic analysis of F. velutipes based on PCR polymorphism using UPF primers

Table 1. Inherent characteristics of a new strain ‘Baeke’

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Table 2. Mycelial growth of ‘Baeke’ at the different temperature

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Table 3. Mycelial colony growth on the different media

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Table 4. Culture period and fruiting body yield of ‘Baeke’

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Table 5. Morphological characteristics of fruiting body yield of ‘Baeke’

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