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Molecular Identification of Sagittaria trifolia and S. aginash Based on Barcode

바코드에 의한 보풀속(Genus Sagittaria L.) 보풀과 벗풀의 동정

  • Received : 2018.01.31
  • Accepted : 2018.03.21
  • Published : 2018.03.31

Abstract

Since sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide-resistant Monochoria korsakowii in Seosan reclaimed land in 1998 was reported first, herbicide-resistant weed species and their area of occurrence have been steadily increasing. In recent years, Sagittaria trifolia resistant to SU herbicides has been reported in Gimhae, Gyeongnam province. While collecting S. trifolia for constructing barcode database of major weeds we were suspicious by the continuous variation in the leave morphology of the species. In order to identify the S. trifolia from S. aginash we barcoded the species collected from domestic using ITS and compared the sequence variation with the ITS sequences of S. aginash downloaded from NCBI. As a result, it was found that the plants collected from the domestic did not have any variation among individuals although they showed wide morphological variation. On the other hand, interspecific variation between S. trifolia and S. aginash was 4.6%. Plants that are difficult to identify using morphological characters can be identified quickly and accurately using the barcode technique. Herbicide-resistant weeds may require different management practices depending on the species even in the same genus. Domestic herbicide-resistant weeds are steadily increasing. Therefore, accurate identification of these species must be preceded for effective weed control.

1998년에 서산간척지에서 SU계 제초제저항성 물옥잠이 보고된 이후 제초제저항성 면적 및 초종이 꾸준히 증가하고 있으며 최근에는 경남 김해지역에서 SU계 제초제저항성 벗풀이 보고되었다. 농경지 주요잡초의 바코드 데이터베이스를 확보하기 위하여 국내 농경지에서 벗풀을 채집하던 중 본 종의 잎 형태의 변이가 불연속으로 매우 심한 것을 발견하여 보풀의 오동정 가능성에 대한 의심이 들었다. 오동정의 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 국내 농경지에서 채집한 다양한 엽형 변이를 갖는 개체들의 ITS 염기서열을 분석하고 NCBI에서 보풀과 벗풀의 ITS 염기서열을 내려받아 종내, 종간 변이를 조사하였다. 그 결과 국내에서 채집한 모든 개체의 ITS 염기서열은 671 bp로 모두 동일하였으며 보풀과는 33 bp의 염기서열 치환, 즉 4.6%의 종간변이를 보여 다양한 엽형변이와 상관없이 국내에서 채집한 벗풀은 모두 벗풀인 것이 확인되었다. 이와 같이, 형태적 형질을 이용하여 정확한 동정이 어려운 종들은 바코드 기술을 이용하여 신속하고 정확하게 동정할 수 있다. 제초제저항성 잡초는 동일한 종에서도 종에 따라 다른 관리법이 요구될 수 있으며 국내 제초제저항성 잡초는 꾸준히 늘고 있다. 그러므로 효과적인 잡초 방제를 위해서는 이들 종의 정확한 동정이 선행되어야 한다.

Keywords

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