Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Monthly Change of the Length-weight Relationship of the Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Population in Paddy Fields by Farming Practices

영농방법에 따 른 시기별 미꾸리 개체군의 전장-체중 분석

  • 신현선 (농촌진흥청 연구정책국 연구운영과) ;
  • 송영주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과) ;
  • 권순익 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과) ;
  • 어진우 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과) ;
  • 이승현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과) ;
  • 김명현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과)
  • Received : 2017.12.27
  • Accepted : 2018.01.05
  • Published : 2018.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify the effects of farming practices on the Misgurnus anguillicaudatus population, including their habitat characteristics, length frequency and the length-weight relationships of M. anguillicaudatus population; this study investigated the differences of the population living in environment-friendly (EFP) and conventional paddy fields (CP). As the result of age distribution by length frequency of M. anguillicaudatus, the EFP showed various age distributions which were not present in the CP. In particular, the age $0^+$ (28-51 mm) of individuals in the CP were significantly lower than those in the EFP. In May, the number of individuals was similar in CP and EFP, which led to the assumption that the M. anguillicaudatus population living in a shallow depth was killed by rotary and tillage works. The regression coefficient (b) in relation to the length-weight of M. anguillicaudatus population was 3.0, which appeared relatively stable as a habitat condition in the CP and EFP, except in June. The condition factor for M. anguillicaudatus population in the CP and the EFP showed a relatively stable monthly population, except in June which was likely to be influenced by the stress to lay their eggs or chemicals such as the use of pesticides. This change of habitat characteristics and length-weight relationship on M. anguillicaudatus population in rice paddy fields was influenced by farming practices as well as the time of year.

논 생태계는 일부 생물의 개체군 유지를 위한 중요한 서식지로서 역할을 하고 있다. 이러한 논 생태계를 대상으로 농법에 따른 수생태계에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 미비하다. 따라서 친환경농법 및 관행농법과 같은 재배 방식의 차이는 생물서식지에 다양한 영향을 미치기 때문에 두 농법에 따른 미꾸리 개체군의 서식특성 및 성장도의 차이를 확인하였다. 조사기간은 2015년 5월부터 9월까지였고, 대호 간척농지를 대상지로 하였다. 영농방법에 따라 개체수, 미꾸리 개체군 분포, 전장-체중 상관도 및 비만도 지수 비교, 미꾸리 개체군의 전장크기 등을 비교하였다. 미꾸리 개체군의 크기는 친환경 논에서 월등히 큰 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 연령대 분포는 친환경 논이 다양한 연령층의 미꾸리가 서식하는 것으로 나타났으나 관행 논은 Age $0^+$ (28~51 mm)의 개체들이 대부분 성장하지 못하고 사멸하며, 일부 내성을 지니는 개체만이 성장하는 것으로 판단된다. 특히 5월에 관행 논과 친환경 논에서 거의 비슷한 미꾸리 개체수를 보이는 것은 로터리 및 경운에 의해서 토양의 얕은 깊이에 서식하는 미꾸리가 폐사된 것으로 판단되어 무경운이 미꾸리 개체군 유지에 큰 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다. 친환경 논의 미꾸리는 먹이섭식 및 영양상태가 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 6월에 관행 논 및 친환경 논에서 성장도 및 비만도가 낮은 것에 대하여는 추가적인 조사연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 관행 논에서 미꾸리 개체군의 개체수 회복 및 연령대 회복을 위해서는 농약과 같은 화학물질 사용을 제한해야할 것으로 사료되며, 또한 관행농법보다 친환경농법으로 재배할 경우 미꾸리 개체의 유지 및 회복에 큰 기여를 할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Anderson R and S Gutreuter. 1983. Length, weight and associated structural indices. In: Fisherises technuques. L. Nielsen and D. Johnson (Eds). American Fisherise Society. Benthesda. Md. pp. 283-300.
  2. Anderson RO and RM Neumann. 1996. Length, weight, and associated structural indices. In Fisheries Techniques, 2nd edition (Murphy BR and DW Willis eds.). American Fisheries Society. Bethesda. Maryland. pp. 447-482.
  3. Busacker GP, IR Adelman and EM Goolish. 1990. Growth, In: Schreck CB, Moyle PB (Eds) Methods for fish biology. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda Md. pp. 363-387.
  4. Byeon HK, JK Choi and CR Jang. 2011a. The fish fauna and population of Zacco koreanus in the upper region of the Gapyeong stream. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 25:65-70.
  5. Byeon HK, JK Choi and CR Jang. 2011b. The characteristic of fish fauna by habitat type and population of Zacco koreanus in the Tan stream. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 25:71-80.
  6. Choi JS, SC Park, YS Jang, KY Lee and JK Choi. 2006. Population dynamics of Korean chub (Zacco Koreanus, Cyprinidae) in the upstream and downstream of Lake Hoengseong. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 20:391-399.
  7. Chyung MK. 1977. The fishes of Korea. Il-Ji Sa. Seoul. pp. 209-214.
  8. Elphick CS and LW Oring. 2003. Conservation implications of flooding rice fields on winter waterbird communities, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 94:17-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00022-1
  9. Han MS, KJ Cho, HK Nam, KK Kang, YE Na, MR Kim and MH Kim. 2013a. Variation in population size of Mudfish by agricultural practices in paddy fields. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 32:24-34. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2013.32.1.24
  10. Han MS, HK Nam, KK Kang, M Kim, YE Na, HR Kim and MH Kim. 2013b. Characteristics of benthic invertebrates in organic and conventional paddy field. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 32:17-23. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2013.32.1.17
  11. Han MS, YE Na, HS Bang, MH Kim, KK Kang, HK Hong, JT Lee and BG Ko. 2008. Aquatic invertebrates in paddy ecosystem of Korea. National Academy of Agricultural Science. Suwon. Korea. pp. 1-529.
  12. Han SC, HY Lee, EW Seo, JH Sim and JE Lee. 2007. Fish fauna and length-weight relationships for 9 fish species in Andong reservoir. Korean J. Life Sci. 17:937-943. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2007.17.7.937
  13. Hesler LS, AA Grigarick, MJ Oraze and AT Palrang. 1993. Arthropod fauna of conventional and organic rice fields in California. J. Econ. Entomol. 86:149-158. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/86.1.149
  14. Jang YS, JS Choi, KY Lee, JW Seo and BC Kim. 2007. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Zacco platypus in the Lake Hoengseong. Korean J. Ecol. Environ. 40:412-418.
  15. Jeon SR. 1983. Studies on the distribution and key of Cobitidae fishes (Cypriniformes) from Korea. Bull. Sangmyong Women's Univ. 11:289-321.
  16. Jeong MR. 2010. A study of habitat environmental characteristics of mudfish inhabited in rice field. Master Dissertation, Korea National University of Eduction.
  17. Kim HS and HK Lee. 1985. Studies on nutrient composition of loach-2. Seasonal variations in heavy metal contents of loach in various area. J. Nutr. Health 18:167-172.
  18. Kim IS. 1997. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea Vol. 37 Freshwater Fishes. Ministry of Education Republic of Korea. p. 629.
  19. Kim IS and JY Park. 2002a. Freshwater fishes of Korea. Kyohaksa. p. 465.
  20. Kim IS and JY Park. 2002b. Freshwater fishes of Korea. Kyohak Publishing Co. Ltd. pp. 230-233.
  21. Kim JO, HS Shin, JH Yoo, SH Lee, KS Jang and BC Kim. 2011a. Functional evaluation of small-scale pond at paddy field as a shelter for mudfish during midsummer drainage period. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 30:37-42. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2011.30.1.37
  22. Kim JO, HS Shin, JH Yoo, SH Lee, KS Jang and BC Kim. 2011b. Distribution of fish in paddy fields and effectiveness of fishways as an ecological corridor between paddy fields and streams. Korean J. Ecol. Environ. 44:203-213.
  23. Kim MH, SK Choi, J Eo, SI Kwon and YJ Song. 2017. Influence of farming practices on Length-weight relationship of the Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) population in rice paddy fields. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 35:446-451. https://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2017.35.4.446
  24. Kubota Z. 1961a. Ecology of the Japanese loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR)-VI. Frequency distribution of body length and body weight. J. Shimonoseki Coll. Fish 338:241-245.
  25. Kubota Z. 1961b. Ecology of the Japanese loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR)-IV. Growth and Fatness. J. Shimonoseki Coll. Fish 336:213-234.
  26. Kubota Z, M Kuga, T Okamasa and Maeda. 1965. Studies on culturing of Japanese loach, Misgurus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR)-VII. Yield of the loach fry cultured in ponds, with estimation of the suitable stage to transferring, suitable ingredient of artificial food and the promotive effect of mud covering the bottom. J. Shimonoseki Coll. Fish 443:59-73.
  27. Lee YS, HG Han, SG Lim, KS Kim, EJ Kang and CJ Cheong. 2014. The Effects of various rice and loach densities on water quality, loach growth, and rice production in paddy fields. J. Korean Soc. Environ. Technol. 15:263-269.
  28. Lim HS, MS Kim, YS Seok, SD Park and HH Lee. 1996. Characterization and DNA structure analysis of replication origin of Misgurnus mizolepis. Kor. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 9:93- 100.
  29. Nam KC. 2007. Intestinal respiration and oxygen consumption of mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis), MS thesis, Pukyong National University. Busan, Korea.
  30. Naruse M and T Oishi. 1996. Annual and daily activity rhythms of loathes in an irrigation creek and ditches around paddy fields. Environ. Biol. Fishes 47:93-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00002382
  31. Ney JJ. 1993. Practical use of biological statistics. Inland fisheries management of North American Fisheries Society. Betheda. Md. pp. 137-158.
  32. Oh MK. 2012. Study on respiratory system of Misgurnus mizolepis (Cobitidae) related to environmental change of rice field. PhD thesis. Chonbuk National University. Chon-buk, Korea.
  33. Paoletti MG. 1995. Biodiversity, traditional landscapes and agroecosystem management. Landsc. Urban Plan. 31:117- 128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(94)01040-F
  34. Park IS, BS Kim, JH Im, HM Park, YK Nam, CH Jeong and DS Kim. 1997. Improved early survival in backcrosses of male mud Loach (Misgurnus mizolepis)$\times$Cyprinid Loach (M. anguillicaudatus) hydrids to female Cyprinid Loach. J. Aquaculture 10:363-371.
  35. Saitoh K, O Katano and A Koizumi. 1988. Movement and spawning of several freshwater fishes in temporary waters around paddy fields. Jpn. J. Ecol. 38:35-47.
  36. Seo JW. 2005. Fish fauna and ecological characteristics of dark chub (Zacco temminckii) population in the mid-upper region of Gam stream. Korean J. Ecol. Environ. 38:196- 206.
  37. Seo JW and HS Kim. 2009. A study of fish community on up and downstream of Hwabuk Dam under construction in the upper Wie stream. Korean J. Ecol. Environ. 42:260-269.
  38. Shin LS. 2012. Morphorgenetic charateristics of Chinese muddy loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) and muddy loach (M. anguillicaudatus). MS thesis. Chonnam National University. Gwangju. Korea.
  39. Smukler SM, S Sanchez-Moreno, SJ Fonte, H Ferris, K Klonsky, AT O'Geen, KM Scow, KL Steenwerth and LE Jackson. 2010. Biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions in an organic farmscape. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 139:80- 97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.07.004
  40. Taft OW and SM Haig. 2005. The value of agricultural wetlands as invertebrate resources for wintering shorebirds. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 110:249-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.04.012
  41. Tanaka M. 1999. Influence of different aquatic habitats on distribution and population density of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in paddy fields. Jpn. J. Ichthyol. 46:75-81.
  42. Uchida K. 1939. The fishes of Korea. Bull. Fish. Exp. Sta. Gov. Gener. Korea. 1:330-346.
  43. Umemura J. 2004. Distribution of Cobitidae in Toyota city and evaluation of river environment. Res. Yahagi River 8:249- 258.