DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Breathing Information Extraction Algorithm from PPG Signal for the Development of Respiratory Biofeedback App

호흡-바이오피드백 앱 개발을 위한 PPG기반의 호흡 추정 알고리즘

  • Received : 2018.05.11
  • Accepted : 2018.05.21
  • Published : 2018.06.01

Abstract

There is a growing need for a care system that can continuously monitor, manage and effectively relieve stress for modern people. In recent years, mobile healthcare devices capable of measuring heart rate have become popular, and many stress monitoring techniques using heart rate variability analysis have been actively proposed and commercialized. In addition, respiratory biofeedback methods are used to provide stress relieving services in environments using mobile healthcare devices. In this case, breathing information should be measured well to assess whether the user is doing well in biofeedback training. In this study, we extracted the heart beat interval signal from the PPG and used the oscillator based notch filter based on the IIR band pass filter to track the strongest frequency in the heart beat interval signal. The respiration signal was then estimated by filtering the heart beat interval signal with this frequency as the center frequency. Experimental results showed that the number of breathing could be measured accurately when the subject was guided to take a deep breath. Also, in the timeing measurement of inspiration and expiration, a time delay of about 1 second occurred. It is expected that this will provide a respiratory biofeedback service that can assess whether or not breathing exercise are performed well.

Keywords

References

  1. Cause of death in 2015, Statistics Korea.
  2. Wang R, Blackburn G, Desai M, et al. Accuracy of Wrist-Worn Heart Rate Monitors. JAMA Cardiol. 2.1 (2017):104-106. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.3340
  3. Yang Bai, Paul Hibbing, Constantine Mantis & Gregory J. Welk (2017) Comparative evaluation of heart rate- based monitors: Apple Watch vs Fitbit Charge HR, Journal of Sports Sciences, 36:15, 1734-1741, DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1412235
  4. Oliver Gale-Grant, Haddy Quist. (2018) Electronic recording of vital signs for mental health inpatients. British Journal of Mental Health Nursing 7:2, pages 64-69. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjmh.2018.7.2.64
  5. Baek HJ. & Shin J. (2017) Effect of Missing Inter-Beat Interval Data on Heart Rate Variability Analysis Using Wrist-Worn Wearables J Med Syst 41: 147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-017-0796-2
  6. Georgiou, K., Larentzakis, A., Khamis, N., et al. (2018) Can Wearable Devices Accurately Measure Heart Rate Variability? A Systematic Review. Folia Medica, 60(1), pp. 7-20. Retrieved 10 May. 2018, from doi:10.2478/folmed-2018-0012
  7. Benedetto S, Caldato C, Bazzan E, Greenwood DC, Pensabene V, Actis P (2018) Assessment of the Fitbit Charge 2 for monitoring heart rate. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192691. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192691
  8. von Rosenberg W, Chanwimalueang T, Adjei T, Jaffer U, Goverdovsky V and Mandic DP (2017) Resolving Ambiguities in the LF/HF Ratio: LF-HF Scatter Plots for the Categorization of Mental and Physical Stress from HRV. Front. Physiol. 8:360. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00360
  9. Hjortskov, N., Rissen, D., Blangsted, A.K. et al. (2004) The effect of mental stress on heart rate variability and blood pressure during computer work. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 92: 84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1055-z
  10. Lee PS. (1999) Theoretical Bases and Technical Application of Breathing Therapy in Stress Management. J. Korean Acad. Nurs. Dec;29(6):1304-1313. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.6.1304
  11. Clark ME & Hirschman, R (1990) Effects of paced respiration on anxiety reduction in a clinical population. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation 15: 273. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01011109
  12. Zucker T, Samuelson KW, Muench, F. et al. (2009) The Effects of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback on Heart Rate Variability and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Pilot Study. Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback 34: 135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-009-9085-2
  13. Drinnan MJ, Allen J and Murray A (2001) Relation between heart rate and pulse transit time durng paced respiration. Physiol. Meas. 22(3): 425 https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/22/3/301
  14. Addison, P.S., Watson, J.N., Mestek, M.L. et al. (2015) Pulse oximetry-derived respiratory rate in general care floor patients. J. Clin. Monit. Comput. 29: 113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-014-9575-5
  15. Liao HE (2005) Two discrete oscillator based adaptive notch filters (OSC ANFs) for noisy sinusoids. IEEE Trans. Sig. Proc. 53(2): 528-538 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2004.840813
  16. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.apps.paced.breathing