DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Shielding Rate of Bismuth Depending on the Type of Medical Radioisotope

의료용 방사성동위원소의 종류에 따른 비스무트의 차폐율 평가

  • Han, Sang-Hyun (Department of Radiological Science, Hanseo University)
  • 한상현 (한서대학교 방사선학과)
  • Received : 2018.04.20
  • Accepted : 2018.07.20
  • Published : 2018.07.28

Abstract

In this study, $^{99m}Tc$, $^{123}I$, $^{201}Tl$, $^{18}F$, and $^{131}I$, which are widely used in nuclear medicine, were transmitted through a bismuth shield. We investigated the shielding rates according to the type of radioisotope and the distance of measurement. For the experiment, 6 sheets of lead equivalent 0.25 mm Pb of bismuth shielding material were stacked one by one up to 1.50 mm as the thickness increased. The distance was 30 cm, 50 cm, and 100 cm, and the transmission dose was measured. As a result, the shielding rates was measured as the thickness increased, and the measured value decreased as the distance increased. The shielding rate of $^{123}I$ and $^{201}Tl$ was higher than $^{99m}Tc$, $^{18}F$ and $^{131}I$ showed lower shielding effect when there is a shielding material than when there is no shielding material due to high energy and ${\beta}$ rays. Based on the results of experiments, it would be helpful to reduce the exposure of nuclear medicine workers and to manage the exposure if bismuth shields are used depending on the type of radioisotope.

본 연구는 핵의학과에서 많이 사용하고 있는 $^{99m}Tc$, $^{123}I$, $^{201}Tl$, $^{18}F$, $^{13}1I$를 비스무트 차폐체에 투과시킨 후 방사성동위원소의 종류와 측정 거리변화에 따라 차폐율을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 납당량 0.25 mmPb, 비스무트 차폐체 6장을 두께가 두꺼워 질수록 1.50 mm까지 한 장씩 겹쳐 사용하였고, 거리를 30 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm로 두고 투과선량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 두께가 두꺼워질수록 차폐율이 높게 측정되었고 거리를 멀리할수록 측정값은 작아졌다. $^{99m}Tc$보다 $^{123}I$$^{201}Tl$의 차폐율이 가장 높게 나타나 차폐효과가 우수한 것을 확인하였고, $^{18}F$$^{131}I$는 고에너지와 ${\beta}$선으로 인해 차폐체가 없을때보다 차폐체가 있을때 차폐효과가 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 실험결과를 참고하여 방사성동위원소의 종류에 따라 비스무트 차폐체를 사용한다면 핵의학 종사자들의 피폭 저감화와 피폭관리 방안에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Y. G. Kang. et al. (2015), Textbook of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul : Chunggu Publisher.
  2. Y. I. Cho, (2016), Analysis of Shielding Device and Dose Assessment when Medical Radioisotope are Handled, master's thesis, Catholic University, Pisan.
  3. ICRP, (2007), The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, Publication 103. Stockholm : ICRP.
  4. J. I. Yoo & J. W. Koo, (2004), Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Protection, Korean Journal Occup Environ Med, 16(2), 166-177.
  5. J. S. Lee, (2012), An Effect of Radiation Shielding Board of Eyeball and Thyroid at the time of Chest and Abdomen CT scan, master's thesis, Kyungpook National University, Daegu.
  6. J. H. Roh, (2012), A Study on the Manufacturing Technology for the Light-Weight Radiation-Proof Apron using Non-Toxic Lead-Free Materials, master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul.
  7. J. S. Jeong, (2013), Study on the Radiation Dose Reduction of Radiosensitivity Critical Organs During CT Exam with Bismuth Shielding, master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul.
  8. G. S. Nam, J. H. Kim, J. Y. Lee & H. H. Park, (2013), The Usability Evaluation According to the Application of Bismuth Shields in PET/CT Examination. Journal of Nucl Med Technol, 17(1), 36-42.
  9. M. Y. Jung, D. C. Kweon & S. I. Kwon, (2009), Effectiveness of Bismuth Shield to Reduce Eye Lens Radiation Dose Using the Photoluminescence Dosimetry in Computed Tomography, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 32(3), 307-312.
  10. Y. G. Kwak, C. Y. Kim & S. P. Jeong, (2014), Research on Dose Reduction During Computed Tomography Scanning by CARE kV System and Bismuth, Journal of Korea Contents Association, 14(8), 233-242. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.08.233
  11. D. H. Kim & S. H. KIm, (2015), Convergence Performance Evaluation of Radiation Protection for Apron using the PSNR, Journal of Digital Convergence, 13(10), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.10.377
  12. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, (2011), Some revision notice of electronic medical device standard specification, MFDS Notice, No 2011-8.
  13. E. J. Kim, et al, (2010), The Development of Standards of Diagnostic Medical X-ray Protection Apron.Glove, Screens.Glass Plates, Journal of FDC Regulatory Science, 5(1,2), 57-64.
  14. U. M. Kujala, S. Taimela, T. Viljanen, (1996), Physical loading and Performance as Predictors of Back Pain in Healthy Adults, A 5-year Prospective Study, European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 73(5), 452-458. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00334423
  15. S. C. Kim & M. H. Park, (2010), Development of Radiation Shield with Environmentally-Friendly Materials;I: Comparison and Evaluation of Fiber, Rubber, Silicon in the Radiation Shielding Sheet, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 33(2), 121-126.
  16. T. J. Choi, T. K. Oh, J. H. Kim & O. B. Kim, (2010), Development of Lead Free Shielding Material for Diagnostic Radiation Beams, Medical Physics, 21(2), 232-237.
  17. M. H. Park & D. M. Kwon, (2007), Measurement of Apron Shielding Rate for X-ray and Gamma-ray, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 30(3), 245-250.
  18. S. Y. Heo, et al, (2015), Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Apron in Handling Radiopharmaceuticals within PET/CT Work Environment, Korean Society of Radiology, 9(2), 99-104.