Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Effect of seasonal changes on nutritional status and biochemical parameters in Turkish older adults

  • Ersoy, Nesli (Hacettepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics) ;
  • Tasci, Ilker (University of Health sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases) ;
  • Ozgurtas, Taner (University of Health sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry) ;
  • Salih, Bekir (Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry) ;
  • Doruk, Huseyin (Baskent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases Geriatrics Subdivision) ;
  • Rakicioglu, Neslisah (Hacettepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics)
  • Received : 2018.04.18
  • Accepted : 2018.07.19
  • Published : 2018.08.01
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Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Available data suggest that seasonal changes may influence the nutritional status and overall health of elderly individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of seasonal changes and related factors on energy and nutrient intake of older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Individuals aged 65 years or over were prospectively enrolled in this single-center study (male: 11, female: 20). Data were collected between May 2013 and February 2014 during winter, spring, summer and autumn. Food consumption and biochemical parameters were taken during each season to assess the seasonal nutrition status of the elderly. Upon analysis of biochemical parameters (retinol, vitamin D and vitamin C), an high-performance liquid chromatography device was utilized whereas an Immulite 2000 device was utilized during analysis of serum folic acid and parathyroid hormone. RESULTS: Fruit, fat, egg and bread consumption varied seasonally in males and females (P < 0.05). During winter, daily energy intake was found to be greater than in other seasons in males (557 kcal) and females (330 kcal) (P < 0.05). Additionally, carbohydrates, vegetable protein, n-3 fatty acid and sodium intake increased in winter, while the n-6/n-3 ratio increased in summer among males (P < 0.05). Dietary fiber and sodium intake in winter, vitamin C, iron and zinc intake in spring, and cholesterol, retinol, vitamin D and niacin intake in autumn were found to be higher in females when compared to other seasons (P < 0.05). Serum parathyroid hormone level was higher in winter, and vitamin D level was higher in autumn in both genders (P < 0.05). In males, blood folic acid level was higher in winter, while vitamin C level was higher in females, and there was no seasonal variation in retinol concentration (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Food consumption and biochemical parameters showed significant seasonal variations in older adults. It is not clear if nutrition plans in older adults will benefit from consideration of seasonal changes in eating habits.

Keywords

References

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