Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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The Phenological Responses of Leaf of Deciduous Woody Species to Base Temperature Maintenance

수목 최저 생육온도 이상으로 유지된 조건에서의 한반도 주요 수목 잎의 식물계절학적 반응

  • Hong, Yongsik (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Seungyeon (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Sooin (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Eungpill (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Euijoo (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Park, Jaehoon (K-Water Convergence Institute, K-Water) ;
  • Jeong, Heonmo (Division of Ecosystem Service and Research Planning, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • You, Younghan (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • Received : 2018.09.11
  • Accepted : 2018.12.31
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to confirm phenological response of main deciduous woody species in Korea according to elevated temperature. Based on seeds collected from the same place, 39 woody species were cultivated in field (control) and in greenhouse (treatment) that was maintained above base temperature ($4.8^{\circ}C$). And then, we observed phenotype change of leaves focused on phenological response and explained relation with their current distribution area. As a result, initiation period of leaves unfolding was 1st~3rd, May in control. It was 13, December~7, January in treatment. Period of leaves yellowing was 11~26, October in control. It was 30, October~13, November in treatment. Consequently, initiation period of leaves unfolding was faster by 119~140 days and period of leaves yellowing was slower by 3~32 days since elevated temperature. Period of leaves growth increased in treatment by 148 days than control. Quercus mongolica and Quercus serrata that cultivated in treatment was changed as evergreen trees which have grown up continuely during one year. Also, initiation period of leaves unfolding of Sorbus alnifolia in treatment was faster than in control. However, difference of the period between control and treatment was smallest. Because period of yellowing leaves was moved ahead. Phenological response of leaves according to elevated temperature had no relation of type of their current distribution area. This is the result of acclimation due to elevated temperature during the winter and suggests that the phenotype of leaves of 39 deciduous woody species is more sensitive to the current growth condition than to the past growth condition.

온도상승에 대한 낙엽성 목본식물종의 식물계절반응을 알아보기 위하여 동일지역에서 채종된 종자를 기반으로 야외(대조구)와 온도가 최저생육온도(약 $4.8^{\circ}C$) 이상으로 유지되는 온실(처리구)에서 우리나라 주요 낙엽수 39종을 재배하며, 잎의 식물계절변화를 1년 동안 관찰하고, 이를 식물의 현재 분포범위와 관련지어 설명하였다. 잎이 돋는 개엽기는 평균적으로 야외에서 5월 1~3일이었고, 온실처리구에서는 12월 13일~1월 7일이었으며, 잎이 지는 낙엽기는 평균적으로 야외에서 10월 11~26일이었고, 온실에서는 10월 30일~11월 13일이었다. 이처럼 온도상승으로 개엽기는 119~140일 빨라졌으며, 낙엽기는 3~32일 늦춰졌다. 그리고 잎의 생육기간은 야외대조구보다 온실에서 평균 148일 증가하였다. 온도상승조건인 온실에서 재배된 신갈나무와 졸참나무는 1년 동안 낙엽기가 없이 생육기만 지속되는 상록성으로 변하였으며, 또한 팥배나무의 개엽기는 야외보다 빨라졌으나 그 폭은 가장 적었고, 낙엽기는 오히려 앞당겨져 생육기간의 증가폭이 가장 적었다. 그러나 온도상승에 대한 낙엽수 잎의 식물계절학적 반응은 식물의 현재 분포범위와는 연관성이 없었다. 이는 낙엽수 잎의 표현형이 과거의 환경보다 현재의 생육조건에 더 민감하게 반응한 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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