Korean Journal of Agricultural Science (농업과학연구)

Institute of Agricultural Science, CNU (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Postharvest technologies for fruits and vegetables in South Asian countries: a review

  • Faqeerzada, Mohammad Akbar (Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Rahman, Anisur (Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Joshi, Rahul (Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Eunsoo (Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Byoung-Kwan (Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.04.10
  • Accepted : 2018.07.03
  • Published : 2018.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Agricultural systems in South Asian countries are dominated by smallholder farmers. Additionally, these farmers have limited access to pre- and post-harvest technologies due to their high initial cost. The lack of these technologies in postharvest handling is responsible for 20% to 44% of fruit and vegetable losses. These high losses are largely the result of a generally weak basic postharvest infrastructure for the preservation of products, which avoids damage from improper handling, transportation, packaging, and storage. High postharvest losses of products negatively affect food availability, food security, and nutrition, as the producer is able to sell less of the farm yield and the net availability of these food commodities for consumption is reduced. An underlying cause of these postharvest losses is the limited awareness and knowledge bases of stakeholders (researchers, farmers, governments, non-governmental organizations, and merchants) in the traditional supply chains in which these losses occur. The analysis presented in this paper explores the state of postharvest practice in South Asian countries and discusses options for low-cost postharvest technologies in the region that can support small-scale farmers and provide a viable pathway for supply to the market, joining with modern value chains and bringing about individual and regional reduction in postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables. The improvement of basic and simple low-cost technologies through precise research efforts has the potential to prevent such huge losses of products, and help meet the ever-increasing demand for food in South Asian countries.

Keywords

References

  1. Abeygunasekara S. 2015. An overview of the socio-economic impact of improper handling and transportation of vegetables in Sri Lanka. pp. 291-294. International Research Symposium on Engineering Advancements, SAITM, Malabe, Sri Lanka.
  2. Acedo AL. 1997a. Storage life of vegetables in simple evaporative coolers. Journal of Tropical Science 37:169-175.
  3. Acedo AL. 1997b. Ripening and disease control during evaporative cooling storage of tomatoes. Journal of Tropical Science 37:209-213.
  4. Acharya SS. 2005. Agriculture marketing and rural credit: Status, issues and reform agenda, area, production and yield of principal crops in India. pp. 1-28. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, New Delhi, India.
  5. ADB (Asian Development Bank). 2005. Commercialization of agriculture in the maldives. pp. 1-56.
  6. Ait-Oubahou A. 2013. Postharvest technology in sub Saharan Africa status problems and recommendations for improvements. pp. 1273-1282. VII International Postharvest Symposium, International Society for Horticultural Science, Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia.
  7. Akter N, Kalam AA. 2014. Value chain snalysis and market studies on fruits and vegetables in SAARC countries. pp. 12-55. Saarc agriculture center publishing, Bangladesh.
  8. Arnall A, Oswald K, Davies M, Mitchell T, Coirolo C. 2010. Adaptive social protection: Mapping the evidence and policy context in the agriculture sector in South Asia. pp. 11-70. IDS Working Papers, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Hobken, New Jersy, USA.
  9. Aswaney BM. 2007. Forced-air precooling of fruits and vegetables. Journal of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal 1:57-62.
  10. ATAI (Agricultural Technology Adoption Initiative). 2011. Constraints on the adoption of agricultural technologies in developing countries. pp. 2-69.
  11. ATC (Australia Trade Commission). 2014. Fruit and vegetables. pp. 4-40.
  12. Awasthi BD. 2010. Value chain analysis and market studies on fruits and vegetable in Nepal. pp. 170-177. Publishing Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur, Nepal.
  13. Bachmann J, Earles R. 2000. Postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables. Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (ATTRA). Accessed in http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/ on 12 November 2008.
  14. Bhardwaj S, Palaparthy I. 2008. Factors influencing Indian supply chains of fruits and vegetables: A literature review. Journal of Supply Chain Management 3:59-68.
  15. Bhushan N. 2013. Post-harvest profile of mango. Government of India Ministry of Agriculture, Faridabad, India.
  16. Bhutani S. 2013 Re-searching agriculture in South Asia: The law and policy context for agricultural research and development and its impact on smallholder farmers. pp. 9-50. Okhla Industrial Publishing, New Delhi, India.
  17. Chand R. 2012. International trade regional integration and food security in South Asia with special focus on LDCS. Accessed in unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ecidc2013misc1. on 08 January 2016.
  18. Chand R. 2010. SAARC agricultural vision 2020. Agricultural Economics Research Review 23:197-208.
  19. Chavda TV, Kumar N. 2009. Solar dryers for high-value agro products at SPRERI. pp. 1-5. International Solar Food Processing Conference, Gujrat, India.
  20. Chung SO, Choi MC, Lee KH, Kim YJ, Hong SJ, Li M. 2016. Sensing technologies for grain crop yield monitoring systems: A review. Journal of Biosystem Engineering 41:408-417. https://doi.org/10.5307/JBE.2016.41.4.408
  21. Choi YS, Han BH, Yoo SN. 2017. Harvesting performance of an experimental pick-up type pulse crop harvester for green kernel black bean. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 44:114-122.
  22. Cocetta G. 2014. Quate fruits and vegetables during postharvest. Advanced Crop Science Technology 2:9-10.
  23. Darshika H, Wickramarathna S, Silva DD. 2014. Postharvest losses of the potato marketing channel: A case of food waste foot printing. pp. 87-90. International Research Symposium on Postharvest Technology, Sabaragamuwa University, Belihuloya, Sri Lank.
  24. Dharn K, Sharma S. 2008. Food processing in India: Opportunities and constraints. IUP Journal of Agriculture Economics 5:30-38.
  25. Dixon J, Gulliver A, Gibbon D. 2001. Farming systems and poverty: Improving farmers' livelihoods in a changing world. pp. 4-12. FAO and World Bank, Rome, Italy and Washington DC Publishing, USA
  26. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2012. The state of food and agriculture. pp. 13-55. FAO, Rome, Italy.
  27. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2011. Maldives and FAO achievements and success stories. pp. 1-12. FAO, Rome, Italy.
  28. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2010. Characterization of small farmers in Asia and the Pacific. pp. 1-6. FAO, Rome, Italy.
  29. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2004. Afghanistan survey of the horticulture sector 2003. pp. 22-28. FAO, Rome, Italy.
  30. FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics Division). 2017. Value of agriculture products. Accessed in http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QV. on 03 December 2017.
  31. FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics Division). 2018. Value of agriculture Products. Accessed in http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QV. on 03 December 2017.
  32. Grabowski S, Hosahalli SR, Marcotte M. 2003. Drying of fruits, vegetables, and spices postharvest technology. Handbook of postharvest technology. pp. 653-659. Marcel Dekker, New York, USA.
  33. Gulati A, Minot N, Delgado C, bora S, 2007. Growth in high-value agriculture in Asia and the emergencs of vertical links with farmers. pp. 91-108. CABI, Wallingford, UK.
  34. Gunathilake DMCC, Wasala WMCB, Palipane KB. 2016. Design, development and evaluation of a size grading machine for onion. Procedia food science 6:103-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.022
  35. Harvey JM. 1978. Reduction of losses in fresh market fruits and vegetables. Annual Review Phytopathology 16:321-341. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.16.090178.001541
  36. Hassan MK, Chowdhury BLD, Akhter N. 2010. Hass final report: Postharvest loss assessment: A study to formulate policy for postharvest loss reduction of fruits and vegetables and socio-economic uplift of the stakeholders. pp. 166-167.
  37. Hossain MF. 2010. Technology on reducing post-harvest losses and maintaining quality of fruits and vegetables in Bangladesh. pp. 84-94. 2010 AARDO Workshop on Technology on Reducing Post-Harvest Losses and Maintaining Quality of Fruits and Vegetables.
  38. Hong SJ, Lee DY, Park JG, Mo C, Lee SH. 2017. Determination of hot air drying characteristics of squash (Cucurbita spp.) Slices. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 42:314-322.
  39. IAASTD (International Assessment on Agricultural Science and Technology for Development). 2008. Agriculture and development. Accessed in www.greenfacts.org/en/agriculture-iaastd/ on 15 April 2008.
  40. Ilyas SM. 2010. Best practices for efficient postharvest management of fruits and vegetables for higher value addition and profitability. pp. 48-71. AARDO Workshop on Technology on Reducing Post-Harvest Losses and Maintaining Quality of Fruits and Vegetables National Institute of Rural Development, Hyderabad, India.
  41. IPHT (Institute of Post Harvest Technology). 2011. Plastic crates to cut post-harvest losses. Accessed in http://archives.dailynews.lk/2011/03/31/bus20.asp on 31 March 2011.
  42. Islam N, Mursalat M, Khan MS. 2016. A review on the legislative aspect of artificial fruit ripening. Agriculture Food Security 5:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-015-0049-x
  43. Jat SR. 2010. Technology on reducing post-harvest losses and maintaining quality of fruits and vegetables. pp. 114-124. 2010 AARDO Workshop on Technology on Reducing Post-Harvest Losses and Maintaining Quality of Fruits and Vegetables. Department of Horticulture, Government of Rajasthan, India.
  44. Kader AA. 2010. Handling of horticultural perishables in developing vs. developed countries. pp. 121-126. 6th International Postharvest Symposium, Department of Plant Sciences University of California, USA.
  45. Kemal-ur-Rahim K. 2003. A review of the horticultural marketing and post-harvest conditions in Afghanistan. pp. 7-45. FAO, Kabul, Afghanistan.
  46. Kitinoja L, Thompson JF. 2010. Pre-cooling systems for small-scale producers. Stewart Postharvest Review 6:1-14.
  47. Kim HK, Han JW. 2017. Predictive thin layer drying model for white and black beans. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 42:190-198.
  48. Kumar P, Mittal S, Hossain M. 2008. Agricultural growth accounting and total factor productivity in South Asia : A review and policy implications. Agriculture Economics Research Review 21:145-172.
  49. Kupferman E. 2006. Minimizing bruising in apples. Washington States University, USA. Accessed in https://www.goodfruit.com/minimizing-bruising-in-apples. on 15 February 2006.
  50. Kusumaningrum D, Lee SH, Lee WH, Mo C, Cho BK. 2015. A review of technologies to prolong the shelf life of fresh tropical fruits in Southeast Asia. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 4:345-358.
  51. Kwon O, Park J. 2017. Applications of smartphone cameras in agriculture, environment, and food: A review. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 42:330-338.
  52. Lee SH, Park JG, Lee DY, Kandpal LM, Cho BK. 2016. Drying characteristics of agricultural products under different drying methods: A review. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 41:389-395. https://doi.org/10.5307/JBE.2016.41.4.389
  53. Lee H, Huy TQ, Park E, Bae HJ, Baek I, Kim MS, Mo C, Cho BK. 2017. Machine vision technique for rapid measurement of soybean seed vigor. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 42:227-233.
  54. Lee YJ, Kim KD, Lee HS, Shin BS. 2018. Vision-based potato detection and counting system for yield monitoring. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 43:103-109.
  55. Lister S, Brown T, Lister S, Brown T, Karaev Z. 2004. Understanding markets in Afghanistan: A case study of the raisin marke. pp. 4-24. Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit, Kabul, Afghanistan.
  56. Mahajan PV, Caleb OJ, Singh Z, Watkins CB, Geyer M. 2014. Postharvest treatments of fresh produce. Philosophical Transaction Royal Society Publication 327:1-19.
  57. Masood M. 2011. An assessment of apple post-harvest losses: The case of nerkh district Afghanistan. M.S. Diss., University of Applied Sciences, Van Hall Larenstein, Netherlands.
  58. Mathew S. 2015. Agricultural input trade and food security in South Asia. pp. 2-12. Consumer Unity & Trust society, Rajasthan, India.
  59. MFAMR (Ministry of Fisheries Agriculture and Marine Resources). 2006. Agriculture development master plans Maldives final draft 2006-2020. MFAMR Publishing, Maldives.
  60. Mhaske VB. 2010. Performance of Indian agricultural exports among SAARC countries. M.S.Diss., Dharwad University of Agriculture Science, India.
  61. Molden D. 2007. Water for food, water for life: A comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture. pp. 19-35. Earthscan, London, UK.
  62. MSDA (Modern Solar Drying In Afghanistan). 2007. Solar drying in Afghanistan. Accessed in https://energypedia.info/wiki/Modern_Solar_Drying_in_Afghanistan. on 21 March 2018.
  63. Orsat V, Change V, Raghavan GV. 2015. Microwave drying of fruits and vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Technology 6:1-7.
  64. Patel A, Kadam P, Naik S. 2015. Color, size and shape feature extraction techniques for fruits: A technical review. International Journal of Computer Applications 130:6-10.
  65. Rahman A, Westley J. 2001. The challenge of ending rural poverty. Development policy review 19:553-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7679.00152
  66. Ravallion M, Chen S, Angraula P. 2007. New evidence on the urbanization of global poverty. Accessed in http://ssm.com/aabstract=980817. Accessed 1 June 2008.
  67. Rickard E, Coursey D. 1979. The value of shading perishable produces after harvest. Journal of Appropriate Technology 6:1-2.
  68. Rosa S. 2006. Postharvest management of fruit and vegetables in the Asia-Pacific region. pp. 200-208. APO (Asian Productivity Organization), Tokyo, Japan.
  69. Rosegrant MW, Magalhaes ERA, Valmonte S, Croz DM. 2015. Returns to investment in reducing postharvest food losses and increasing agricultural productivity growth. pp. 5-10. Copenhagen Consensus Center Publishing, Copenhagen.
  70. Safi J, Bunnel D. 2014. Afghanistan raisin annual 2014- USDA Foreign Agriculture service.
  71. Sarananda K. 2000. Appropriate postharvest technologies for horticultural crops in asia. pp. 230-236. APO Seminar on Appropriate Post-Harvest Technologies for Horticultural Crops, APO, Bankok, Thiland.
  72. Sarkar TK, Ryu CS, Kang YS, Kim SH, Jeon SR, Jang SH, Park JW, Kim SG, Kim HJ. 2018. Integrating UAV remote sensing with GIS for predicting rice grain protein. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 43:48-159.
  73. Shewfelt RL, Myers SC, Resurrection AVA. 1987. Effect of physiological maturity at harvest on peach quality during low-temperature storage. Journal of Food Quality 10:9-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.1987.tb00285.x
  74. Siddiqui MW, Momin CM, Acharya P, Kabir J, Debnath MK, Dhua RS. 2013. Dynamics of changes in bioactive molecules and antioxidant potential of capsicum Chinese Jacq. cv. Habanero at Nine Maturity Stages. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 35:1141-1148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-012-1152-2
  75. Singh V, Zaman P, Meher J. 2014. Postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables: An overview. Journal of Postharvest Technology 2:124-135.
  76. Sri Lanka Customs. 2009. External trade statistics. statistics division, department of sri lanka Customs, Srilanka.
  77. Srinivas K. 2015. Post-harvest profile of banana. pp. 20-34. Nagpur Department of Agriculture Publishing, India.
  78. Srinivasaraghavan K, Pandey S, Dicke I. 2014. Postharvest management and market linking for vegetables and fruit in south asia. pp. 6-20. SATNET Asia Publishing, Patancheru, India.
  79. Stabinsky D. 2014. Defining role of agriculture in South Asia. p. 3. Climate Action Network South Asia, OXFAM, Oxford, UK.
  80. Sudheer K, Indira PV. 2007. Post-parvest technology of horticultural crops. pp. 17-64. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi, India.
  81. Swinnen JF. 2007. Global supply chains, standards and the poor: How the globalization of food systems and standards affects rural development and poverty. pp. 91-108. CABI, Trowbridge, UK.
  82. Tobgay S. 2005. Agriculture diversification in Bhutan. pp. 3-26. Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Thimphu, Bhutan.
  83. UNFAO (United Nation Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations). 1989. Prevention of post-harvest food losses, fruits, vegetables and root crops. Accessed in http/www.fao.org/inpho/EN/resources/library/index.asp. on 21 March 2018.
  84. USAID (United States Agency for International Developments). 2012. Agriculture and food security. Accessed in https://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/agriculture-and-food-security on 13 March 2018.
  85. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture). 2004. Global trade patterns in fruits and vegetables. pp. 5-26.
  86. Vesali F, Omid M, Kaleita A, Mobli H. 2015. Development of an android app to estimate chlorophyll content of corn leaves based on contact imaging. Computers Electronic in Agriculture 116:211-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.06.012
  87. Viswanadham N. 2007. Achieving rural and global supply chain excellence. pp. 13-170. Indian School of Business, Publishing Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India.
  88. Wakholi C, Cho BK, Mo C, Kim MS. 2015. Current state of postharvest fruit and vegetable management in east africa. Journal of Biosystems Engineering 40:238-249. https://doi.org/10.5307/JBE.2015.40.3.238
  89. Wang T. 2010. Application of post-harvest technologies for vegetable crops. pp. 27-34. 2010 AARDO Workshop on Technology on Reducing Post-Harvest Losses and Maintaining Quality of Fruits and Vegetables, World Food Programme WFP, Taiwan.
  90. WFP (World Food Programme). 2014. Who are the hungry? World food programme, Rome, Italy.
  91. World Bank. 2014. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan agricultural sector review: Revitalizing agriculture for economic growth, job creation, and food security. World Bank, Washington DC, USA.
  92. World Bank. 2006. Can south Asia end poverty in a generation? World Bank, Washington DC, USA.
  93. World Resources Institute. 2013. Reducing food loss and waste.
  94. Yousufi A. 2016. Horticulture in Afghanistan: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Development Sustainable Agriculture 42:36-42.