Journal of the Geological Society of Korea (지질학회지)

The Geological Society of Korea (대한지질학회)
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Analysis of long-term water level change of Dongrae hot spring using time series methods

시계열 방법을 이용한 동래온천 수위의 장기적인 변화 분석

  • Jeon, Hang-Tak (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hamm, Se-Yeong (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cheong, Jae-Yeol (Korea Radioactive Waste Agency (KORAD) R&D Center) ;
  • Lee, Cheol-Woo (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Tae (Korea Central Hot Spring Institute) ;
  • Lim, Woo-Ri (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • 전항탁 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 함세영 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부) ;
  • 정재열 (한국원자력환경공단 기술연구소) ;
  • 이철우 (한국지질자원연구원) ;
  • 이종태 ((주)한국중앙온천연구소) ;
  • 임우리 (부산대학교 지구환경시스템학부)
  • Received : 2018.08.01
  • Accepted : 2018.08.22
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

Dongrae hot spring belongs to the residual magma type and has a long history of bathing since the Silla dynasty in Korea. Due to long development of hot spring water, it is expected that the amount of hot spring water in Dongrae hot spring has been changed. In this study, long-trem water level data of Dongrae hot spring were examined for recognizing the change of the hot spring. By the fluctuation analysis of the hot spring water level from January 1992 to July 2018, the maximum and minimum annual drawdowns of no. 27 well were 137.70 and 71.60 meters, respectively, with an average drawdown of 103.39 m. On the other hand, the maximum and minimum annual drawdowns of no. 29 well were 137.80 and 71.70 meters, with an average drawdown of 103.49 m. Besides, drawdown rate became bigger in recent years. As a result of analyzing autocorrelation of the two wells, the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.919 to 0.991, showing seasonal groundwater level fluctuation. The cross correlation analysis between water level and precipitation as well as water level and hot spring discharge resulted in the correlation coefficients of -0.280 ~ 0.256 and 0.428 ~ 0.553, respectively. Therefore, using Dongnae hot-spring water level data from 1992 to 2018, the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's test showed that the continuous decline of water level was mainly caused by the pumping of the hot spring water among various reasons.

잔류마그마형 온천에 속하는 동래온천은 신라시대부터 목욕용으로 이용되어온 긴 역사를 가지는 온천이다. 긴 시간 동안 온천수 개발로 인하여 동래온천의 온천수 부존량 변화가 예상되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동래온천의 수위 변동 자료를 분석하여 온천수위의 장기적 변화 특성을 규명하였다. 1992년 1월부터 2018년 7월까지 동래온천의 두 개의 관정에서 온천수위 변동을 분석한 결과, No. 27관정에서 연 평균 지표 하 수위는 최소 71.60 m, 최대 137.70 m, 평균은 103.39 m, No. 29관정에서 최소 71.70 m, 최대 137.80 m, 평균 103.49 m로서 동절기에 온천수위가 하강하고 하절기에 상승하는 변동 특성을 보이며, 최근으로 올수록 온천수위 하강율이 커지는 경향성을 보인다. 각 관정들의 자기 상관분석 결과, 상관계수는 0.919 ~ 0.991로서 계절적인 지하수위 변동이 지속되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 온천수위와 강수량 및 동래온천 이용량의 교차상관 분석 결과, 강수량과의 상관계수는 -0.280 ~ 0.256, 이용량과의 상관계수는 0.428 ~ 0.553으로서 온천수 이용량에 의해서 온천수위의 변동이 더 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 1992년부터 2018년까지 동래온천 수위 자료를 이용하여 Mann-Kendall 검정과 Sen의 검정으로 경향성을 분석한 결과, 온천수위의 지속적인 하강은 여러 원인 중 온천수 이용량이 가장 주요한 원인으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국연구재단

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