Journal of Medicine and Life Science

Institute for Medical Science (제주대학교 의과학연구소)
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Concept and limitation of breast cancer stem cells

유방암 줄기세포 개념 및 제한점

  • Kim, Jong Bin (Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • An, Jeong Shin (Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Woosung (Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital) ;
  • Moon, Byung-In (Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital)
  • 김종빈 (이화여자대학교 세포 항상성 연구센터) ;
  • 안정신 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 외과학교실) ;
  • 임우성 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 외과학교실) ;
  • 문병인 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 외과학교실)
  • Received : 2018.11.05
  • Accepted : 2018.12.15
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Cancer, a leading mortality disease following cardiovascular disease worldwide, has high incidence as one out of every four adults in Korea. It was known to be caused by several reasons including somatic mutation, activation of oncogene and chromosome aneuploidy. Cancer cells show a faster growth rate and have metastatic and heterogeneous cell populations compared to normal cells. Cancer stem cells, the most invested field in cancer biology, is a theory to explain heterogeneous cell populations of cancer cells among several characteristics of cancer cells, which is providing the theoretical background for incidence of cancer and treatment failure by drug resistance. Cancer stem cells initially explain heterogeneous cell populations of cancer cells based on the same markers of normal stem cells in cancer, in which only cancer stem cells showed heterogeneity of cancer cells and tumor initiating ability of leukemia. Based on these results, cancer stem cells were reported in various solid cancers such as breast cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer. Breast cancer stem cells were first reported in solid cancer which had tumor initiating ability and further identified as anti-cancer drug resistance. There were several identification methods in breast cancer stem cells such as specific surface markers and culture methods. The discovery of cancer stem cells not only explains heterogeneity of cancer cells, but it also provides theoretical background for targeting cancer stem cells to complete elimination of cancer cells. Many institutes have been developing new anticancer drugs targeting cancer stem cells, but there have not been noticeable results yet. Many researchers also reported a necessity for improvement of current concepts and methods of research on cancer stem cells. Herein, we discuss the limitations and the perspectives of breast cancer stem cells based on the current concept and history.

Keywords

References

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