Membrane Journal (멤브레인)

The Membrane Society of Korea (한국막학회)
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Development and Applications of Pore-filled Ion-exchange Membranes

세공충진 이온교환막의 개발 및 응용

  • Kim, Do-Hyeong (Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Kang, Moon-Sung (Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University)
  • 김도형 (상명대학교 그린화학공학과) ;
  • 강문성 (상명대학교 그린화학공학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.27
  • Accepted : 2018.10.29
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

Ion-exchange membrane (IEM) has fixed charge groups and is a separation membrane which is capable of selectively transporting ions of the opposite polarity. Recently, the interest in IEMs has been increasing as the importance of the desalination and energy conversion processes using them as the key components has increased. Since the IEMs determine the efficiency of the above process, it is necessary to improve the separation performance and durability of them and also to lower the expensive membrane price, which is a hindrance to the widening application of the IEM process. Therefore, it is urgent to develop high-performance and low-cost IEMs. Among various types of IEMs, pore-filled membranes prepared by filling ionomer into a porous polymer substrate are intermediate forms of homogeneous membranes and heterogeneous membranes. The production cost would be cheap like the case of heterogeneous membranes because of the use of inexpensive supports and the reduction of the amount used of raw materials, and at the same time, they exhibit excellent electrochemical characteristics close to homogeneous membranes. In this review, major research and development trends of pore-filled IEMs, which are attracting attention as high-performance and low-cost IEMs, have been summarized and reported according to the application fields.

이온교환막은 고정 전하기를 가지고 있어 반대 극성의 이온만 선택적으로 수송할 수 있는 분리막이다. 최근 이온교환막을 핵심부품으로 사용하는 탈염 공정 및 에너지 변환 공정의 중요도가 증가함에 따라 이온교환막에 대한 관심도 점차 높아지고 있다. 이온교환막은 상기 공정의 효율을 결정하기 때문에 막의 분리 성능 및 내구성을 향상시켜야 하며 또한 이온교환막 공정의 확대 적용을 가로막는 걸림돌이 되고 있는 비싼 막 가격도 낮춰야 한다. 따라서 고성능 저가 이온교환막의 개발이 시급한 과제라고 할 수 있다. 이온교환막의 다양한 형태 중 다공성 고분자 기재에 이오노머(ionomer)를 충진 시켜 제조되는 세공충진막은 균질막과 불균질막의 중간적인 형태이다. 저렴한 지지체의 사용과 원료 사용량의 감소로 인해 불균질막처럼 제조 단가가 저렴하며 동시에 균질막에 가까운 우수한 전기화학적 특성을 나타낸다. 본 총설에서는 최근 고성능 저가 이온교환막 기술로 주목 받고 있는 세공충진 이온교환막의 주요 연구개발 동향을 응용 분야별로 구분하여 정리 보고하였다.

Keywords

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