Mass Rearing Conditions for the Production of Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

쌍별귀뚜라미(메뚜기목: 귀뚜라미과)의 실내 대량사육 조건

Abstract

This study was evaluated to increase the production efficiency of Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, which are recently increasing attention as industrial insects in Korea. In this study, the hatching rate and larval period were investigated along with temperature and humidity, as well as the survival rate and ovipositional temperatures along with rearing density. The optimum relative humidity for hatching was highest at 90%, which shows the hatching rate of 90%. The highest hatching rate was 98.3% at $20^{\circ}C$. The hatching period was shortest at $35^{\circ}C$ incubation, which shows 7.1 days in average. The survival rate at 3,000-20,000 individuals in the breeding container was 34-18% after rearing for 35 days. In the effect test of feeding vegetables, the survival rate was 1.8 times and the biomass weight 2.5 times higher than that of normal individuals respectively. The number of laying eggs by temperature was highest at $25^{\circ}C$, which shows 1,710 eggs after reading for 30 days.

본 연구는 최근 산업곤충으로 주목받고 있는 쌍별귀뚜라미의 생산 효율 증대를 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 온도, 습도에 따른 부화율 및 부화 기간을 비롯하여 사육 밀도에 따른 생존율 및 산란 온도에 따른 산란수를 조사하였다. 적정 부화 상대습도는 90% 조건에서 부화율 90%를 보여 가장 높았다. 온도별 부화율 조사결과 $20^{\circ}C$에서 98.3%로 가장 높았다. 또한, 온도별 부화 $35^{\circ}C$조건에서 7.1일로 가장 짧게 나타났다. 또한 사육 용기에 3,000~20,000개체를 투입하여 35일간 조사한 밀도별 생존율은 34~18%였다. 쌍별귀뚜라미의 먹이에 채소 급여가 성장에 미치는 특성을 조사한 결과 생존율은 1.8배, 생체중량은 2.5배 높게 나타났다. 온도별 산란수 조사결과 $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 30일 후 1,710개로 가장 높았다.

Fig. 1. Survival rate of different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus. Reared in breeding cages (150 × 60 × 50 cm). The error bars indicate one SD of measured means.

Fig. 2. Average number of survival G. bimaculateus by adult of different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus. Reared in breeding cages (150 × 60 × 50 cm). The error bars indicate one SD of measured means.

Fig. 3. Total weight of alive adults of different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus. Reared in breeding cages (150 × 60 × 50 cm). The error bars indicate one SD of measured means.

Fig. 4. Comparison of body weight under different food on Gryllus bimaculatus Reared in breeding cage (55 × 30 × 28 cm). The error bars indicate one SD of measured means.

Fig. 5. Scattering tendency of oviposition with different temperature on Gryllus bimaculatus.

Fig. 6. Number of accumulated oviposition with different temperature on Gryllus bimaculatus

Table 1. Comparison of body weight with different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus

Table 2. The sex ratio of Gryllus bimaculatus with different rearing densities

Table 3. Total food consumption of the different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus by adults

Table 4. Total food consumption of the different rearing densities on Gryllus bimaculatus by adults

Table 5. Hatching rate and period of Gryllus bimaculatus with different temperature

Table 6. Hatching rate and period of Gryllus bimaculatus with different relative humidity