Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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The Characteristics of Cinnamomum japonicum Community in Japan's Special Natural Monument Area

일본 특별천연기념물 녹나무군락의 특성 분석

  • Shim, Hang-Yong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Pusan National Univ.) ;
  • Park, Seok-Gon (Division of Forest Resources and Landscape Architecture, Sunchon National Univ.) ;
  • Choi, Song-Hyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National Univ.) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Cheol (Apllied Ecology Lab, Pusan National Univ.) ;
  • Yu, Chan-Yeol (Gyeongsangnam-do Frest Environment Research Institute) ;
  • Sung, Chan-Yong (Dept. of Urban Engineering, Hanbat National University)
  • 심항용 (부산대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 박석곤 (국립순천대학교 산림자원.조경학부) ;
  • 최송현 (부산대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 이상철 (부산대학교 응용생태연구실) ;
  • 유찬열 (경상남도산림환경연구원) ;
  • 성찬용 (한밭대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.25
  • Accepted : 2018.12.24
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

This study analyzed the characteristics of vegetation structure of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum japonicum) community in the area of mount Tachibana, Kasuya county, Fukuoka Prefecture designated as a special natural monument in Japan. The survey showed overwhelming dominance of canopy tree in the canopy layer (about 30 m in tree heights and 92.79 cm in average breast height diameter) but no appearance in the understory layer or the shrub layer. In the understory layer and the shrub layer, Castanopsis sieboldii, Machilus thunbergii, Neolitsea sericea, and Cinnamomum yabunikkei, which were the competing species to the canopy layer and the late-successional species in the warm temperate climate zone, were mainly distributed. Moreover, the species diversity was generally low, indicating the vegetation characteristics that was not typical of evergreen broad-leaved forests. This is presumably because camphor trees were actively planted, protected, and cultivated to produce camphor which was valuable in the past. Although this site has not been artificially managed for the past 90 years as the raw materials of camphor have not been collected, vegetation transition did not proceed, which is unique. It is probably due to the fact that camphor was overwhelmingly dominant in the canopy layer so that the inflows of species were restricted, and young tree germination did not occur due to the allelopathy effects of camphor trees.

일본 특별천연기념물로 지정된 후쿠오카현(福岡?) 카스야군(粕屋郡) 다치바나산(立花山) 일원의 녹나무군락지를 대상으로 식생구조 특성을 분석했다. 본 조사지의 녹나무는 교목층(수고 약 30m, 평균흉고직경 92.79cm)에서 우세했으나, 아교목층과 관목층에서는 출현하지 않았다. 아교목층과 관목층에는 녹나무의 경쟁종이자 난온대 천이 후기종인 구실잣밤나무 후박나무 참식나무 생달나무 등이 주로 분포했다. 또한 이곳은 종다양성이 전반적으로 낮아, 전형적인 상록활엽수림과 다른 식생구조를 보였다. 이는 과거 귀한 가치가 있던 장뇌(樟腦)를 생산하기 위해 적극적으로 녹나무를 조림하여 보호 육성했기 때문으로 짐작된다. 이곳은 장뇌 원료를 채취하지 않으면서 90년 동안 인위적 관리가 없었는데도 독특하게 식생천이가 진행되지 않았다. 이는 녹나무가 수관층을 압도적으로 우점하여 숲틈이 발생되지 않아 식물종의 유입이 제한되고, 녹나무의 타감효과로 인해 치수 발아가 방해된 것이 원인으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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