Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Transport and management of diffuse pollutants using low impact development technologies applied to highly urbanized land uses

고도화 도시지역에 적용된 LID 기법의 비점오염물질 관리 및 이동

  • Geronimo, F.K.F. (Dept. of Civil & Environ. Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Choi, H.S. (Dept. of Civil & Environ. Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, L.H. (Dept. of Civil & Environ. Engineering, Kongju National University)
  • ;
  • 최혜선 (공주대학교 건설환경공학과) ;
  • 김이형 (공주대학교 건설환경공학과)
  • Received : 2019.05.03
  • Accepted : 2019.05.21
  • Published : 2019.05.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to understand factors affecting TSS and heavy metals transport on the road, parking lot and roof. During storm events, heavy metals, which were mostly attached to TSS, were also transported when TSS was washed off in the road, parking lot and roof. This finding may be supported by the significant correlations between TSS load and total and soluble heavy metals load including Cr, Fe, Cu, and Pb (Pearson r value: 0.52 to 0.73; probability p value<0.01). Generation and transport of TSS and heavy metals were greater in the road and parking lot compared to the roof due to vehicular activities, slope and greater catchment areas of these sites. It was found that TSS transport during peak flows of storm events ranges from 65% to 75% implying that by controlling peak flows, TSS transportation to nearby water bodies may be decreased. Depending on the target TSS and heavy metal reduction, sizing of low impact development (LID) technologies and green infrastructures (GI) such as infiltration trench, tree box filter, and rain garden may be calculated. Future researchers were recommended to assess the limitations of the systems and determine the design considerations for these types of facilities.

본 연구는 도로, 주차장 및 지붕에서 발생된 TSS와 중금속의 거동을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 강우시 도로, 주차장, 지붕에서 발생되는 중금속은 입자상 물질(TSS)에 부착되어 이동된다. 이는 TSS 부하량과 Cr, Fe, Cu 및 Pb의 입자상 중금속 및 용존성 중금속의 부하량의 상관관계로 판단 가능하다(r =0.52~0.73, p <0.01). 일반적으로 도로 및 주차장에서 발생된 TSS 및 중금속은 지붕에 비해 더 높은 것으로 분석되었는데, 이는 차량에 의해 중금속이 많이 발생하며, 집수면적 또한 도로 및 주차장이 넓기 때문으로 보여진다. 첨두유출발생시까지 TSS 부하량의 65~75%가 유출되는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 인근 수계로 유출되는 TSS를 제거하기 위해서는 첨두유출을 제어하는 것이 가장 효과적인 것을 의미한다. 또한 비용경제적인 LID 시설의 규모를 산정하기 위해 시설의 적정 크기(시설의 표면적/배수구역 면적)에 따른 TSS와 중금속 제거율을 평가하였다. 본 연구는 LID 시설의 설계시 참고 가능한 기초데이타로 중요한 의미가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Schematic of the LID technologies to control TSS and heavy metals Results and Discussion.

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Fig. 2. Event mean concentrations before the LID and after the LID.

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Table 3. Correlation analysis of inflow pollutant loads

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Fig. 3. Relationship of a. peak flow rate, b. runoff volume and sediment load with rainfall depth.

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Fig. 4. Comparison of TSS load accumulation during storm events.

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Fig. 5. Relationship of accumulated pollutant load with accumulated runoff volume at selected points of storm events,

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Fig. 6. Exponential relationship between pollutant removal efficiency and LID surface area to catchment area.

Table 1. Catchment and design characteristics of LID technologies

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Table 2. Characteristics of monitored storm events

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Table 3. Correlation analysis of inflow pollutant loads

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