Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Analysis of the seed metabolite profiles and antioxidant activity of perilla varieties

대사체분석 기술을 이용한 들깨 종자의 품질 특성 및 항산화 효과

  • Gu, Suyeon (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus)) ;
  • Son, Yejin (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus)) ;
  • Park, Ji Yeong (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus)) ;
  • Choi, Sung-Gil (Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculure and Life Science) ;
  • Lee, Myoung Hee (National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Jin (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus))
  • 구수연 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부) ;
  • 손예진 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부) ;
  • 박지영 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부) ;
  • 최성길 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 이명희 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 김현진 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부)
  • Received : 2019.03.15
  • Accepted : 2019.05.02
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Perilla seed oil is considered to be a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids and phenolic compounds, which have various health benefits. To improve its oil content and nutritional quality, 29 varieties of perilla have been bred, but their nutritional qualities, including the fatty acid and phenolic compound contents, have not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, the seed metabolite profiles, including the fatty acids, of these 29 perilla varieties were analyzed. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, rosmarinyl glucoside, and rosmarinic acid were identified as the major metabolites of perilla. The fatty acid contents were higher in the Okdong, Deulsaem, Daesil, Joim, Yeupsil, Danjo, and Joongmo5103 varieties (in order). However, the total phenolic compounds and antioxidative activities of Okdong and Deulsaem were relatively low, whereas the fatty acid and total phenol contents of Joim, Yeupsil, and Danjo were relatively high. These results may be useful for comparing the nutritional quality of the 29 perilla varieties.

지방산과 이차대사물질들의 프로파일들을 종합적으로 비교한 결과 지방산의 함량이 높은 Okdong, Deulsaem, Daesil 품종의 총 페놀화합물과 항산화 활성은 낮았으나 Joim, Yeupsil, Danjo 품종은 지방산과 총 페놀화합물 함량이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 확인되었으며 Yeupsil 품종이 그 중에서 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 기름의 함량만으로는 Okdong과 Deulsaem 품종이 우수한 반면 기름 함량과 다양한 건강기능성을 갖고 있는 것으로 확인된 rosmarinyl glucoside와 rosmarinic acid을 비롯한 기능성 이차산물의 함량도 높은 것을 고려한다면 Yeupsil 품종이 우수한 것으로 확인되어 들기름 뿐만 아니라 들깨가루용으로도 적합할 것으로 사료된다. 반면에 지방산 함량과 이차대사물질의 함량이 낮은 것으로 확인된 Dasil, Daeyeop, Saeyeupsil 품종은 식품 가공용 들깨 품종으로는 적합하지 않는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. 29 varieties of perilla seed.

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Fig. 2. Representative chromatogram of fatty acids (A) and metabolite profiles (B) analyzed by GC-MS and by UPLC-Q-TOF MS, respectively.

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Fig. 3. PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis) score plots of perilla seed fatty acids analyzed using gas chromatographymass spectrometry (A) and perilla seed metabolites analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF MS (B).

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Fig. 4 Heat maps of perilla seed fatty acids (A) and perilla seed metabolites (B) contributing to the separation among samples.

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Fig. 5 Total fatty acid relative abundance (A), total phenolic content (B), and antioxidant activity (C) of 29 varieties of perilla seed.

Table 1. Identification of major metabolites contributing to the separation on the PLS-DA scores plot of the data nalyzed by GC-MS

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Table 2. Identification of major metabolites contributing to the separation on the PLS-DA scores plot of the data analyzed by LC-MS

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