Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Effects of Foreign Plant Extracts on Cell Growth and Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus Mutans

해외 자생식물추출물이 Streptococcus mutans의 세포 성장 및 생물막 형성에 미치는 영향

  • Moon, Kyung Hoon (Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Yun-Chae (Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong Nam (Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • 문경훈 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 미생물학과) ;
  • 이윤채 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 생명시스템학과) ;
  • 김정남 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 미생물학과)
  • Received : 2019.03.16
  • Accepted : 2019.04.30
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Chemically synthesized compounds are widely used in oral hygiene products. However, excessively long-term use of these chemicals can cause undesirable side effects such as bacterial tolerance, allergy, and tooth discoloration. To solve these issues, significant effort is put into the search for natural antibacterial agents. The aim of this study was to assess the extracts of foreign native plants that inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. Among the 300 foreign plant extracts used in this study, Chesneya nubigena (D. Don) Ali extract had the highest antimicrobial activity relatively against S. mutans with a clear zone of 9 mm when compared to others. This plant extract also showed anti-biofilm activity and bacteriostatic effect (minimal bactericidal concentration [MBC], 1.5 mg/ml). In addition, the plant extracts of 19 species decreased the ability of S. mutans to form biofilm at least a 6-fold in proportion to the tested concentrations. Of particular note, C. nubigena (D. Don) Ali extract was found to inhibit biofilm formation at the lowest concentration tested effectively. Therefore, our results reveal that C. nubigena (D. Don) Ali extract is a potential candidate for the development of antimicrobial substitutes, which might be effective for caries control as well, as demonstrated by its inhibitory effect on the persistence and pathogenesis of S. mutans.

화학적으로 합성된 물질들이 주로 구강 위생 제품에 사용된다. 그러나 이러한 화학 물질을 장기간 사용 시, 내성 발생이나 알레르기, 치아변색과 같은 부작용이 발생할 수 있다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 식물로부터 유래된 항균 물질의 사용과 이러한 항균 물질들의 탐색을 위한 노력이 계속 진행되고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 Streptococcus mutans의 성장과 생물막 형성을 저해하는 해외 자생식물을 탐색하고자 하였다. 본 실험에는 총 300종의 해외 자생식물 추출물이 사용되었으며, 그 중 Chesneya nubigena (D. Don) Ali 추출물이 S. mutans에 대한 비교적 높은 항균활성을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다(clear zone, 9 mm; MBC, 1.5 mg/ml). 또한, 19종의 식물추출물이 농도에 비례적으로 S. mutans의 생물막 형성량을 최소 6배 이상 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 특히, C. nubigena (D. Don) Ali 추출물은 1.25 mg/ml의 낮은 농도에서부터 효과적으로 생물막 형성을 억제하는 것으로 관찰하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 C. nubigena (D. Don) Ali 추출물이 S. mutans의 생육 성장과 생물막 형성 저해 효과를 나타내었으며, 이를 통해 본 식물추출물이 충치 예방과 치료에 효과가 있는 항균 대체재 개발의 후보 소재로써 평가된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of plant extracts.

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Fig. 2. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanol extract of C. nubigena (D. Don) Ali against S. mutans. 1, 0.8 mg/ml; 2, 0.9 mg/ml; 3, 1.0 mg/ml; 4, 1.1 mg/ml; 5, 1.2 mg/ml; 6, 1.3 mg/ml; 7, 1.4 mg/ml; 8, 1.5 mg/ml.

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Fig. 3. Effect of the plant extracts on biofilm formation.

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Fig. 4. Anti-biofilm effect of the plant extracts.

Table 1. List of plants used in this study

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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