Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
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Species Composition and Community Structure of Macrobenthos during Fall on the Dokdo Coast, Korea

가을철 독도 연안에 출현하는 대형저서동물의 종 조성 및 군집 구조

  • Kang, Su Min (Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Lee, Hyung-Gon (Marine Ecosystem and Biological Research Center, KIOST) ;
  • Kim, Sang Lyeol (Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Choi, Jin-Woo (South Sea Research Institute, KIOST) ;
  • Park, Chan Hong (East Sea Research Institute, KIOST) ;
  • Yu, Ok Hwan (Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 강수민 (해양과학기술전문대학원 해양과학기술융합학과) ;
  • 이형곤 (한국해양과학기술원 해양생태연구센터) ;
  • 김상렬 (해양과학기술전문대학원 해양과학기술융합학과) ;
  • 최진우 (한국해양과학기술원 남해연구소) ;
  • 박찬홍 (한국해양과학기술원 동해연구소) ;
  • 유옥환 (해양과학기술전문대학원 해양과학기술융합학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.18
  • Accepted : 2019.06.12
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The Dokdo coast is known for its high biodiversity. However, few studies have examined the biodiversity and macrobenthic community on the subtidal soft-bottom. Therefore, we collected macrobenthos (> 1 mm) using a Smith-McIntyre grab ($0.1m^2$) at 15 stations along the Dokdo coast in September 2016. The sediments consisted of badly sorted (1.7) coarse sand with gravel and the mean sediment grain size was $-0.4{\phi}$. In total, 177 macrobenthic species were collected; their mean density was $1,566ind./m^2$. The number of species and density of macrobenthic fauna decreased significantly with the mean grain size. The dominant species were the amphipods Melita denticulata (16.5%) and Melita shimizui (5.5%), polychaete Salvatoria clavata (5.4%), bivalve Glycymeris aspersa (4.4%), and ophiuroid Ophionereis dubia (4.3%). The dominant macrobenthos species on the subtidal soft-bottom differed from the coastal areas of the East Sea, suggesting that the difference in the sediment grain size affected the macrobenthos. Cluster analysis was performed to divide the study area into four groups, and environmental factors which correlated with species composition and distribution in the study area were the combination of the four parameters of salinity, dissolved oxygen, total organic carbon and depth. A future seasonal investigation is needed to understand the species composition and characteristics of the Dokdo macrobenthos.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Map of the studied area showing the sampling sites in Dokdo coast, September 2016

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Fig. 2. Environmental variables at each site during the study period in the coastal area of Dokdo

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Fig. 3. Number of species, density (ind./m2), biomass (g/m2) and diversity of macrobenthic fauna during the study period in the coastal area of Dokdo

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Fig. 4. Density (ind./m2) of dominant species of macrobenthos at each sampling site during the study period in the coastal area of Dokdo

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Fig. 5. Dendogram and 2-dimensional plot using macrobenthic faunal abundance data by Bray-Curtis similarities calculated on the fourth-root transformed abundance data in the coastal area of Dokdo

Table 1. Sampling site and information in the study area, September 2016

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Table 2. Dominant species ranking based on the density of macrobenthic fauna collected in September 2016

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Table 3. Ecological characteristies of each group determined by cluster analysis and top five contributed species

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Table 4. SIMPER analysis of macrobenthic fauna, listing the main characterising species at each group in the study area, September 2016

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Table 5. BIO-ENV test to analyze the effect of environmental variables on the macrobenthic community

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Table 6. Spearman rank correlation within the environmental variables and dominant species in sampling periods

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Table 7. Number of species and density (ind./m2) between present and other Korean studies on macrofauna around the East Sea

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Table 8. Comparison of dominant species of macrobenthic communities around East Sea of Korea

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Table 8. Continued

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