The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science (한국전자파학회논문지)

The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science (한국전자파학회)
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Efficient Recognition Method for Ballistic Warheads by the Fusion of Feature Vectors Based on Flight Phase

비행 단계별 특성벡터 융합을 통한 효과적인 탄두 식별방법

  • Choi, In-Oh (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Si-Ho (3rd R&D Institute, Agency for Defence Development) ;
  • Jung, Joo-Ho (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Tae (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Park, Sang-Hong (Department of Electronic Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • Received : 2019.04.09
  • Accepted : 2019.06.10
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

It is very difficult to detect ballistic missiles because of small cross-sections of the radar and the high maneuverability of the missiles. In addition, it is very difficult to recognize and intercept warheads because of the existence of debris and decoy with similar motion parameters in each flight phase. Therefore, feature vectors based on the maneuver, the micro-motion according to flight phase are needed, and the two types of features must be fused for the efficient recognition of ballistic warhead regardless of the flight phase. In this paper, we introduce feature vectors appropriate for each flight phase and an effective method to fuse them at the feature vector-level and classifier-level. According to the classification simulations using the radar signals predicted by the CAD models, the closer the warhead was to the final destination, the more improved was the classification performance. This was achieved by the classifier-level fusion, regardless of the flight phase in a noisy environment.

탄도미사일은 작은 레이다 단면적 및 빠른 기동 특성으로 인하여 탐지가 매우 힘들며, 또한 탄도미사일의 각 비행단계에서 탄두와 유사한 운동 변수로 기동하는 연료탱크 및 기만체의 존재로 인하여 탄두의 식별 및 요격이 매우 어렵다. 따라서 비행 단계에 따라 표적의 기동 및 미세운동을 이용한 특성벡터가 필요하며, 또한 이를 적절히 융합하여 비행단계에 상관없이 식별하는 방법이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 탄도미사일의 비행단계에 따른 유용한 특성벡터를 소개하고, 이를 특성벡터 및 구분기 레벨에서 융합하는 효과적인 기법을 제안한다. CAD 모델들을 사용하여 예측된 레이다 신호들로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 구분기 레벨 융합을 통하여 잡음환경 내에서 비행단계에 상관없이 종말 단계로 갈수록 보다 향상된 탄두 식별이 가능하였다.

Keywords

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그림 1. 탄도미사일 구성요소 및 비행 단계 Fig. 1. Elements and flight stage of the ballistic missile.

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그림 2. 추진단계에서 탄도미사일과 연료탱크간의 변별 시나리오 Fig. 2. Discrimination scenario between ballistic missile and debris at boost phase.

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그림 3. 중간단계에서 탄두와 기만체간의 미세운동 Fig. 3. Micro-motion for warhead and decoy at mid-course phase.

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그림 4. 탄두와 기만체에 대한 Iff(f′, f)의 예시들[5] Fig. 4. Examples of Iff(f′, f) for warhead and decoy[5].

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그림 5. F3를 위한 기저영상 B(f′, f)[5] Fig. 5. Basis image B(f′, f) for F3[5].

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그림 6. 종착단계에서 탄도계수추정 알고리즘 및 예시[4] Fig. 6. Algorithm and examples for ballistic factor estimation at terminal phase[4].

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그림 7. 제안된 가중치 함수들 Fig. 7. Proposed weight functions.

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그림 8. 탄두와 기만체의 CAD 모델들 Fig. 8. CAD models for warhead and decoy.

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그림 9. 추진단계에서의 변별 결과 Fig. 9. Discrimination results at boost phase.

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그림 10. 중간 및 종착 단계에서의 변별 결과. Fig. 10. Discrimination results at mid-course and terminal phase.

표 1. 탄두, 기만체 및 연료 탱크의 특징 Table 1. Characteristics for warhead, decoy, and debris.

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표 2. 탄두와 기만체의 규격[4] Table 2. Specifications for warhead and decoy[4].

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표 3. 기동 관련 실험 변수들[4] Table 3. Simulation parameters for maneuver[4].

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표 4. 미세운동 관련 실험 변수들 Table 4. Simulation parameters for micro-motion.

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