A Methodology for Finding the Convergence Research Area by Measuring Convergence Index in Government Research Institutes

융합지수 측정을 통한 출연연 융합연구영역 발굴모형 연구

  • Received : 2019.03.12
  • Accepted : 2019.05.17
  • Published : 2019.06.30

Abstract

In conjunction with securing R&D competitiveness through technology convergence, there is a growing interest in the strategy to derive innovation based on the measurement of convergence. In this paper, we present a data-based model that suggests convergence strategies for the research projects of government research institutes (GRIs) in Korea. The convergence characteristics of the research projects are represented by inherent attributes of technology and behavioral attributes of actors. The measuring process of the proxy variables (Rao-Stirling and Herfindahl-Hirschman Indices) for each attributes are proposed. These two indices are used to construct the convergence diagram, through which the research projects of GRIs are distributed into four areas: AllianceIntra, Alliance-Inter, Competition, Mission-Oriented. Based on the convergence diagram proposed in this study the convergence index is measured to derive 30 convergence research areas of GRIs. As a result, we expect to provide appropriate guidelines for setting the policy direction of the convergence research projects.

기술융합을 통해 R&D 경쟁력을 확보함과 더불어, 융합의 정도를 측정하고 이를 기반으로 융합을 유도하기 위한 전략에 대한 관심도 함께 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 출연연의 융합연구전략을 도출할 수 있는 데이터 기반 모형을 제시하였다. 우선적으로, 출연연 연구과제의 융합특성을 기술고유의 속성과 행위자의 행태 속성으로 구분하여, 각각의 대리변수(Rao-Stirling 지수, Herfindahl-Hirschman 지수)계산 방법을 고안하였다. 이들 대리변수를 두 축으로 출연연 융합맵을 설계하였으며, 이를 통해, 출연연 연구과제가 4개의 속성(Alliance-Intra, Alliance-Inter, Competition, Mission Oriented)으로 구분됨을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 설계된 융합맵을 기반으로 융합지수를 측정하여 출연연 간 30대 융합연구 가능영역을 도출하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 출연연 연구과제의 기술융합 현상에 대한 보다 정확하고 객관적인 분석을 수행할 수 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 융합연구 추진을 위한 정책에 참조할 수 있는 유효한 가이드라인을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

References

  1. 국가과학기술위원회 운영위원회 (2008), 국가융합기술 발전 기본계획('09-'13)(안), 대한민국 정부.
  2. 국가과학기술위원회 운영위원회 (2010), NBIC 국가융합기술지도(안), -미래 선도 원천융합기술 발굴 및 선택과 집중을 통한 육성전략-, 대한민국 정부.
  3. 국가과학기술심의회 운영위원회 (2014), 창조경제 실현을 위한 융합기술 발전전략('14-'18) (안), 대한민국 정부.
  4. 기초기술연구회.한국과학기술정보연구원 (2012), 출연(연) 융합연구과제 기획을 위한 정보분석 연구.
  5. 한국과학기술정보연구원 (2013), 미래기술백서, 대전 : 한국과학기술정보연구원.
  6. Altmann D., Andler K., Bruland K., Nakicenovic N. and Nordmann A. (2005), Converging Technologies - Shaping the Future of European Societies, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
  7. Amit, R. and Schoemaker, P. J. (1993), "Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent", Strategic Management Journal, 14(1): 33-46. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140105
  8. Bally, N. (2005), "Deriving Managerial Implications from Technological Convergence along the Innovation Process: a Case Study on the Telecommunications Industry", ETH Zurich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
  9. Chen, J. H., Jang, S. L. and Wen, S. H. (2010), "Measuring Technological Diversification: Identifying the Effects of Patent Scale and Patent Scope", Scientometrics, 84(1): 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0143-6
  10. Jamali, H. R., Azadi-Ahmadabadi, G. and Asadi, S. (2018), "Interdisciplinary Relations of Converging Technologies: Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno (NBIC)", Scientometrics, 116(2): 1055-1073. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2776-9
  11. Jeong, S., Kim, J. C. and Choi, J. Y. (2015), "Technology Convergence: What Developmental Stage Are We in?", Scientometrics, 104(3): 841-871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1606-6
  12. Kaluza, B., Blecker, T. and Bischof, C. (1999), "Implications of Digital Convergence on Strategic Management", The Current State of Economic Science, 4: 223-2249.
  13. Kim, E., Cho, Y. and Kim, W. (2014), "Dynamic Patterns of Technological Convergence in Printed Electronics Technologies: Patent Citation Network", Scientometrics, 98(2): 975-998 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-013-1104-7
  14. Lee, W. S., Han, E. J. and Sohn, S. Y. (2015), "Predicting the Pattern of Technology Convergence Using Big-Data Technology on Large-Scale Triadic Patents", Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 100: 317-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.07.022
  15. Lei, D. T. (2000), "Industry Evolution and Competence Development: the Imperatives of Technological Convergence", International Journal of Technology Management, 19(7-8): 699-738. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2000.002848
  16. Leydesdorff, L. and Rafols, I. (2009), "A Global Map of Science Based on the ISI Subject Categories", Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(2): 348-362 https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20967
  17. Leydesdorff, L. and Rafols, I. (2011), "Indicators of the Interdisciplinary of Journals: Diversity, Centrality, and Citations", Journal of Informetrics, 5: 87-100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2010.09.002
  18. Metcalfe, J. S. (1994), "Evolutionary Economics and Technology Policy", The Economic Journal, 104(425): 931-944. https://doi.org/10.2307/2234988
  19. Mokyr, J. (2010), "The Contribution of Economic History to the Study of Innovation and Technical Change: 1750-1914", Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, 1: 11-50.
  20. Mowery, D. C. and Rosenberg, N. (1989), "New Developments in US Technology Policy: Implications for Competitiveness and International Trade Policy", California Management Review, 32(1): 107-124. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166737
  21. Negroponte, N. (1979), Books without pages, Boston, MA: Massachusetts Inst. of Tech Cambridge Architecture Machine Group.
  22. Nelson, R. R. and Winter, S. G. (1982), An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
  23. Nicoletti, G., Scarpetta, S. and Boylaud, O. (2000), Summary Indicators of Product Market Regulation with an Extension to Employment Protection Legislation, France: OECD Publishing.
  24. Pennings, J. M. and Puranam, P. (2001), "Market Convergence and Firm Strategy: New Directions for Theory and Research", In ECIS Conference, The Future of Innovation Studies, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
  25. Porter, A. L. and Youtie, J. (2009), "How Interdisciplinary Is Nanotechnology?", Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 11(5): 1023-1041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-009-9607-0
  26. Rafols, I., Leydesdorff, L., O'Hare, A., Nightingale, P. and Stirling, A. (2012), "How Journal Rankings Can Suppress Interdisciplinary Research: A Comparison between Innovation Studies and Business and Management", Research Policy, 41(7): 1262-1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.03.015
  27. Rafols, I. and Meyer, M. (2010), "Diversity and Network Coherence As Indicators of Interdisciplinarity: Case Studies in Bionanoscience", Scientometrics, 82(2): 263-287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0041-y
  28. Rao, C. R. (1982), "Diversity: Its Measurement, Decomposition, Apportionment and Analysis", The indian Journal of Statistics, Series A, 44(1): 1-22.
  29. Roco, M. and Bainbridge, W. (2002), "Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance: Integrating from the Nanoscale", Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 4(4): 281-295. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021152023349
  30. Roco, M. C., Bainbridge, W. S., Tonn, B. and Whitesides, G. (2013), Converging Knowledge, Technology, and Society: Beyond Convergence of Nano-Bio-Info-Cognitive Technologies, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer, 450.
  31. Rosenberg, N. (1963), "Technological Change in the Machine Tool Industry, 1840-1910", The Journal of Economic History, 23(04): 414-443. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700109155
  32. Schwab, K. (2017), The Fourth Industrial Revolution, New York: Crown Publishing Group.
  33. Stirling, A. (2007), "A General Framework for Analysing Diversity in Science, Technology and Society", Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 4(15): 707. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.0213
  34. Suzuki, J. and Kodama, F. (2004), "Technological Diversity of Persitent Innovatiors in Japan: Two Case Studies of Large Japanese Firms", Research Policy, 33(3): 531-549 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.10.005
  35. Thomson, R. (2010), "Understanding Machine Tool Development in the United States: Uniting Economic and Business History. In Business History Conference", Business and Economic History On-line, Papers Presented at the BHC Annual Meeting, Business History Conference, 8: 1.
  36. Woiceshyn, J. and Daellenbach, U. (2005), "Integrativecapability and Technology Adoption: Evidence from Oil Firm", Industrial and Corporate Change, 14: 307-342. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dth053