한국가정과교육학회지 (Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association)

한국가정과교육학회 (Korea Home Economics Education Association)
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중학생의 간식 섭취 실태가 인성특성에 미치는 영향

Effect of snack intake on personality of middle school students

  • 정난희 (전남대학교 가정교육과, 생활과학연구소) ;
  • 유난숙 (전남대학교 가정교육과, 생활과학연구소) ;
  • 신효식 (전남대학교 가정교육과, 생활과학연구소)
  • Jung, Lanhee (Dept. of Home Economics Education, Research Institute for Human Ecology) ;
  • Yu, Nan Sook (Dept. of Home Economics Education, Research Institute for Human Ecology) ;
  • Shin, Hyoshick (Dept. of Home Economics Education, Research Institute for Human Ecology)
  • 투고 : 2018.11.12
  • 심사 : 2019.03.28
  • 발행 : 2019.03.31
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초록

본 연구는 중학생의 간식 섭취와 인성의 일반적인 특성을 살펴보고, 성별 및 학년별 인성특성이 차이가 있는지 분석하였으며, 간식 섭취 횟수가 인성특성에 미치는 영향력을 알아보았다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 광주지역에서 중학생을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 통하여 수집된 717개의 자료를 분석하였다. 자료는 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, t-검증, ANOVA, 사후검증, 중다회귀분석을 실행하였으며, 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 간식 섭취 횟수는 1일 1~2회 이상이 303명(42.3%)으로 제일 많았고, 아주 가끔 269명(37.6%), 1일 2~3회 이상 90명(12.6%), 전혀 먹지 않는다 54명(7.5%) 순으로 나타났으며 간식 섭취 이유는 습관적으로 182명(27.3%), 식사량이 부족해서 140명(21.0%), 식사를 걸러서 91명(13.6%), 스트레스 해소 55명(8.2%) 순으로 답하였다. 인성특성은 5점 리커트 척도로 답하도록 하였는데, 하위요인 중 친근성이 3.64로 제일 높았고, 개방성/지성 3.42, 외향성 3.36, 성실성 3.15, 감정안정성 3.09 순으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 성별에 따른 인성특성은 감정안정성만이 여학생이 남학생보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며(p<.05), 학년별 인성특성은 외향성(p<.001), 친근성(p<.05), 개방성/지성(p<.05)의 경우 중학교 3학년 학생들이 중학교 1학년과 2학년 학생들보다 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 간식 섭취 횟수가 인성특성에 영향을 미치는 지 알아본 결과, 인성특성 하위요인 중 외향성에는 과일섭취 횟수(β=.134)가 친근성에는 빵(β=-.099), 과일(β=.142), 빙과(β=.092), 떡(β=.090) 섭취 횟수가, 성실성에는 과일(β=.107), 떡(β=.120) 섭취 횟수가, 감정안정성에는 빵(β=.105), 음료류(β=-.113), 과일(β=.113), 분식(β=-.126) 섭취 횟수가, 개방성/지성에는 과일(β=.106), 우유(β=.110) 섭취 횟수가 통계적으로 유의미하게 영향을 미쳤다. 인성특성의 모든 하위요인에 과일 섭취 횟수가 긍정적으로 영향을 미쳤으며, 떡은 친근성과 성실성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며 음료류는 감정안정성에 부정적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 이에 단음료 대신 물을 충분히 마시고 우리 식재료를 활용한 식생활을 즐기는 것을 제안한 국민 공통 식생활지침을 지키는 것이 필요한 것을 재확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 중학생의 건강증진을 위한 간식 섭취와 인성개발의 방안을 모색하는데 기여할 수 있다고 생각한다.

This study described the status of snack intake and personality of middle school students, determined the differences in snack intake and personality according to gender and grade levels, and examined the effect of snack intake on personality. Data were collected from a self-reported survey from students of a middle school in Gwangju city and 717 questionnaires used for the analyses. The data were analyzed for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's α, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/PC 18.0 program. The results obtained were as follows. First, as for the snack intake frequency, '1~2 times per a day' had the largest number of responses(42.3%), followed by 'sometimes'(37.6%), '2~3 times per a day'(12.6%), 'never'(7.5%). As for the reason of snack intake, 'habitually'(27.3%) had the largest number of responses, followed by 'insufficient amount of meal'(21.0%), 'skipping meals'(13.6%), and 'stress relief'(8.2%). Mean score of agreeableness was the highest(3.64) among the personality components followed by Openness/intellect(3.42), Extraversion(3.36), Conscientiousness(3.15), and Emotional Stability(3.09) on the 5-point scale. Second, there were statistically significant differences in Emotional Stability depending on the gender. There were statistically significant differences in Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness/intellect by the grade level. Third, fruit intake frequency had statistically significant influence on Extraversion(β=.134). Intake frequency of bread(β=-.099), fruit(β=.142), ice cream(β=.092), and rice cake(β=.090) had statistically significant influence on Agreeableness. Intake frequency of bread(β=.105), drink(β=-.113), fruit(β=.113), and flour-based food(β=-.126) had statistically significant influence on Emotional Stability. Intake frequency of fruit(β=.106) and milk(β=.110) had statistically significant influence on Openness/intellect. Intake frequency of fruit had statistically positive influence on all the personality components. Intake frequency of rice cake had statistically positive influence on two personality components. Intake frequency of drinks had statistically negative influence on Emotional Stability. The outcomes indicate that snack intake affects the personality of adolescents.

키워드

참고문헌

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