Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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The Impact of Social Identity and Social Alliance on Economic Performance in Social Enterprises

사회적 기업의 사회적 정체성과 사회적 협업 관계가 경제적 성과에 미치는 요인분석

  • Received : 2019.03.12
  • Accepted : 2019.06.17
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The present study investigates the relationship between social competence and economic performance in social enterprises. Social enterprises simultaneously pursue social value creation and economic value creation, two of which are not easily compatible each other. This study explores the conditions under which these two values can synergize with each other and thereby, positively affect each other's performance. In particular, I examine how two important social competences, that is, social identity and social alliance, influence economic performance of social enterprises. Using the secondary data on social enterprises from Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency, I run OLS regression analyses to test hypotheses. I find that investment on social value creation, only when it aligns with social identity, has a statistically significant and positive relationship with economic performance of social enterprises. Further, the study finds evidence that social alliance in and of itself does not affect economic performance of social enterprises. However, social alliance does have a positive influence on social enterprises' economic performance, only when taking into account social alliance partners' organizational attributes and a focal social enterprise's degree of readiness to absorb expected gains from social alliance altogether. The present study improves our understanding on social entrepreneurship research by suggesting how social enterprises can enhance two seemingly incompatible values in a simultaneous manner. I also discuss potentially fruitful future research agenda based on the present paper's findings.

본 논문은 사회적 기업의 경제적 성과와 사회적 역량 간의 상관관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 사회적 기업은 양립하기 쉽지 않은 경제적 가치 창출과 사회적 가치 창출의 동시 추구를 목표로 하는 특징을 가진다. 본 연구는 어떠한 조건에서 두 가지가 서로 양립하여 정(+)의 상관관계를 이루는지 연구하였다. 특히, 사회적 기업의 중요한 두 가지 사회적 역량인 사회적 정체성과 사회적 협업 관계가 어떻게 사회적 기업의 경제적 성과에 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 한국사회적기업진흥원에 인증된 사회적 기업의 경영공시자료를 토대로 회귀분석을 통하여 가설검증을 하였다. 사회적 기업의 사회적 정체성에 부합하는 사회 가치 투자 활동은 사회적 기업의 경제적 성과에도 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 사회적 협업 여부 자체는 기업의 경제적 성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지는 못하지만, 협업 파트너 기관의 조직적 특성과 사회적 기업의 협업 수혜 수용도를 함께 고려했을 때 사회적 협업 관계가 사회적 기업의 경제적 성과에 미치는 중요성을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 사회적 기업의 두 가지 본질 가치를 동시에 제고시킬 수 있는 실질적인 방안을 제시함으로써 사회적 기업의 전략연구 분야에 시사점을 제공한다. 끝으로 본 논문의 한계점과 그에 따른 향후 연구방안을 제시하였다.

Keywords

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