Science of Emotion and Sensibility (감성과학)

Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility (한국감성과학회)
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A Study of Intrinsic Alpha Rhythm, Electroencephalography, and Heart Rate Variability Index as Indicators of Cognitive Function and Health in Elderly Adults

노년기 인지기능 및 건강상태를 반영하는 지표로써 Alpha 고유리듬과 뇌파 및 HRV 지표와의 관계 연구

  • 심준영 (국제뇌교육종합대학원대학교 뇌교육학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.30
  • Accepted : 2019.07.05
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

This study was an examination of the relevance and clinical significance of electroencephalographic (EEG) indexes (e.g., mental/physical stress and attention) and indexes of heart rate variability (HRV) with regard to cognitive function and physiological health conditions in elderly people. A device was used to record two-channel EEGs of the frontal lobe and a one-channel ECG simultaneously. Subjects were 76 people average aged 73. The significant findings are as follows: First, subjects whose intrinsic alpha rhythm had high amplitude, regardless of peak, showed higher resistance to mental stress and lower physical stress than did subjects with low-amplitutde intrinsic alpha rhythm. Second, HRV, SDNN, and RMSSD indexes showed strong positive correlations between the two groups of subjects regardless of the division of groups. Third, the alpha asymmetry of the left and right sides of the brain in subjects with low-amplitude intrinsic alpha rhythm was larger, and the delta/alpha ratio (reflecting physical stress) and theta/sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) ratio (showing the decline in attention) were bigger. Fourth, the subjects in whom intrinsic alpha rhythm peak occurred during slow rhythm had a higher theta/SMR ratio than did subjects whose peak occurred during fast rhythm, which was related to a steeper decline in attention. Therefore, the presence or absence of intrinsic alpha rhythm peak and amplitude on quantitative EEG may be an index reflecting the cognitive function and physiological health of elderly people.

이 연구는 노년기 인지기능 및 생리적 건강상태와 관련 있는 정량화 뇌파의 Alpha 고유리듬 피크 위치 및 진폭의 출현 유무가 정신적·육체적 스트레스, 주의집중 등의 뇌파 지표들과 심박변이도 지표 간에 어떠한 관련성과 임상적 의미가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 평균 73세 남녀 노인 76명을 대상으로 전두엽 2채널 뇌파와 1채널 심전도를 동시에 측정 가능한 장치를 이용하여 폐안시 EEG, HRV를 측정하였다. 의미있는 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, Alpha 고유리듬피크 위치와 상관없이 고유리듬 진폭이 높게 잘 나타난 집단은 낮은 집단에 비해 정신적 스트레스에 대한 저항도는 높고, 육체적 스트레스는 낮게 나타나는 상관성을 보였다. 두 번째, 심박변이도의 HRV index, SDNN, RMSSD 지표는 집단 구분에 상관없이 공통적으로 서로 간 높은 양의 상관성을 보였다. 세 번째, Alpha 고유리듬 진폭이 잘 나타나지 않은 집단에서 좌·우뇌 Alpha 비대칭이 커질수록 육체적 스트레스를 반영하는 Delta/Alpha 비율과 주의집중 저하를 반영하는 Theta/SMR 비율도 커지는 상관성을 보였다. 네 번째, Alpha 고유리듬피크가 느린 리듬쪽에 위치한 집단은 빠른 리듬 쪽에 위치한 집단에 비해 Theta/SMR 비율이 높게 나타나 주의집중도 저하와 관련이 있음을 의미하였다. 따라서 정량화 뇌파의 Alpha 고유리듬 피크 위치 및 진폭의 출현 유무는 노년기 인지기능 및 생리적 건강상태를 반영하는 지표로 활용 가능성이 있음을 시사하였다.

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