한국유기농업학회지 (Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture)

  • 제27권4호
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  • Pages.463-477
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  • 2019
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  • 1229-3571(pISSN)
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  • 2287-819X(eISSN)
한국유기농업학회 (Korean Association of Organic Agriculture)
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배 과원의 재배형태별 토양성 거미군집의 생물다양성

Biodiversity of Epigeic Spider Community in Pear Orchards Managed using Different Farming Methods

  • Song, Jang-Hoon (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Seo, Ho-Jin (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Im, Jae-Seong (Crop Protection R&D Center, FarmHannong Co., Ltd) ;
  • Choi, Eu-Ddum (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Tae (Life and Environment Research Institute, Konkuk University)
  • 투고 : 2019.07.23
  • 심사 : 2019.10.10
  • 발행 : 2019.11.30
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초록

This study was conducted to compare the community structure and biodiversity of epigeic spiders between pear fields cultivated by integrated pest management (IPM) and organic methods. This is the first study of this kind to be conducted in Korea. Eighty-four spider species from 22 families were identified among the collected 2,489 arthropods, with 754 individuals being sampled from IPM fields and 1,735 individuals from organic fields. Generally, Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Agelenidae, Gnaphosidae, and Salticidae were the dominant spider families in the pear orchard regardless of the farming methods, and species richness and abundance were higher in organic fields than in IPM fields. The dominant species were the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) and stone spiders (Gnaphosidae), and their cumulative abundance was 70.7% in IPM fields and 72.7% in organic fields. The community structure between organic and IPM fields was heterogeneous, with a 45% similarity level. Biodiversity, species richness, abundance, and species diversity index were higher in organic fields than in IPM fields, and significantly different between the farming methods. Seasonal fluctuations in biodiversity were similar in both IPM and organic fields. The species richness and species diversity index increased and the abundance decreased in the second half of the cultivation period. This study on the community structure and biodiversity of epigeic spiders, which form one of the most important predator groups, will provide principal ecological and faunistic information required to maintain the biodiversity of useful arthropods in agricultural ecosystems and help implement sustainable agriculture based on the active use of natural enemies.

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