Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Structure and Function of the Influenza A Virus Non-Structural Protein 1

  • Han, Chang Woo (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong, Mi Suk (Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jang, Se Bok (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2019.03.25
  • Accepted : 2019.06.03
  • Published : 2019.08.28
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Abstract

The influenza A virus is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen that sickens many people with respiratory disease annually. To prevent outbreaks of this viral infection, an understanding of the characteristics of virus-host interaction and development of an anti-viral agent is urgently needed. The influenza A virus can infect mammalian species including humans, pigs, horses and seals. Furthermore, this virus can switch hosts and form a novel lineage. This so-called zoonotic infection provides an opportunity for virus adaptation to the new host and leads to pandemics. Most influenza A viruses express proteins that antagonize the antiviral defense of the host cell. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the influenza A virus is the most important viral regulatory factor controlling cellular processes to modulate host cell gene expression and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated antiviral response. This review focuses on the influenza A virus NS1 protein and outlines current issues including the life cycle of the influenza A virus, structural characterization of the influenza A virus NS1, interaction between NS1 and host immune response factor, and design of inhibitors resistant to the influenza A virus.

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