An Aesthetic on painting style of Yumin Painter in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty - Focuse on the Paldaesanin and Seokdo -

명말청초(明末淸初) 유민화가(遺民畵家)의 화풍(畵風)에 나타난 예술심미 - 팔대산인(八大山人)과 석도(石濤)를 중심으로_…-

The painting group of Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty is an era of confusion between the orthodox who faithfully cooperated with the Qing Dynasty and the individualist who had a hostile attitude. The country was ruined by these dynasties, and the family left the real world with the suffering of the breakdown and stayed in the mountains.Paldaesanin and Seokdo, the representative Yumin painters, did not form any a sect as a unique expression style for finding a true self.And, through his work, he expressed on madness and oddity through new ideas and composition that he feels misery and anger in his heart. The paintings of these paintings had semi-normative and impromptuous views of nature, which even the self burdened with grief was forgotten.And I expressed my own individuality and originality by forming a simple and free, on madness and oddity art aesthetic. The paintings of these paintings had semi-normative and impromptuous views of nature, which even the self burdened with grief was forgotten.And I expressed my own individuality and originality by forming a simple and free, on madness and oddity art aesthetic. Paldaesanin portrayed a strange figure with a spirit of resistance and a sad and angered emotion, through a unique technique of painting.The content is cynical, satirical, ironic, and on madness and oddity. On the other hand, Seokdo explained "ilhoeg" that the method of writing and the method of writing in "Hwaeolog" agree with each other.This has allowed us to achieve autonomy as a "rule without rules" that goes beyond the existing rules. And he delicately portrayed beauty, desire, and emotion with the use of sensuous brushes and the beauty of the colors.Their unique paintings were later conveyed to yangjupalgoe and led to the flow of paintings in the 18th century.

명말청초의 화단은 청(淸) 왕조에 충실하게 협력했던 정통파와 청(淸)에 적대적인 태도를 가졌던 개성파가 대립한 혼란의 시대라 할 수 있다. 이러한 왕조교체기에 국파가망지통(國破家亡之痛)의 한(恨)을 품고 현실을 초월해 산림에 은둔자적하였던 대표적 유민화가였던 팔대산인(八大山人)과 석도(石濤)는 참된 자아를 찾기 위한 개성적 표현 양식으로 어떠한 유파를 이루지 않았고, 작품을 통해서 흉중의 비참함과 현실에 대한 울분을 자신만이 느끼는 새로운 착상과 구도를 통해 광괴적(狂怪的)으로 표현하였다. 이들의 화풍(?風)은 비분에 싸인 자아마저 망각한 반규범적이며 무위자연적 사유를 통해 간일(簡逸)하면서도 광견적 심미관을 형성하여 자신만의 개성미와 독창성을 야일(野逸)한 묵희(墨戱)로 발현하였다. 팔대산인(八大山人)은 저항정신과 비분강개가 함축된 기이한 그림을 독특한 발묵선염법을 통해 주로 그렸는데, 냉소(冷笑) 풍자(諷刺) 반어적(反語的) 표현으로 광방불기(狂放不麒)하게 묘사하였다. 한편, '차고이개금(借古以開今)'을 주장한 석도(石濤)는 "화어록(畵語錄)"에서 화리(畵理)와 필법(筆法)의 일치화를 일획(一劃)으로 설명하였는데, 이러한 일획론(一劃論)은 기존의 법(法)으로부터 벗어난 무법이법(無法而法)의 자율성을 확보하였다. 그리고 감각적 필묵과 색채미를 통해 유민의식에 기반한 흥(興) 욕(欲) 정감(情感)이 유희적(遊戱的)으로 형상화하였다. 이들의 개성적 화풍은 이후 양주팔괴(楊州八怪)에 전해져 18세기 화풍을 선도하였다.