Journal of Korea Game Society (한국게임학회 논문지)

Korea Game Society (한국게임학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Interaction effect between the Pay-to-Win Gaming System and the Adolescent Users' Self-Esteem on the Degree of Game Billing

Pay-to-Win 방식의 게임과금 시스템 유무가 청소년의 자존감과 게임과금 관계에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구

  • Lee, Daeyoung (Department of Digital Culture & Contents, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Sung Je (Department of Digital Culture & Contents, Konkuk University) ;
  • Jeoung, Eui Jun (Department of Digital Culture & Contents, Konkuk University)
  • 이대영 (건국대학교 문화콘텐츠학과) ;
  • 이승제 (건국대학교 문화콘텐츠학과) ;
  • 정의준 (건국대학교 문화콘텐츠학과)
  • Received : 2019.07.10
  • Accepted : 2019.08.14
  • Published : 2019.08.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Pay-to-Win (P2W) is a billing system that pays cash in-game and has a impact on results and it has been criticized by users. Research on the adolescent users and the effect of the P2W is insufficient. In this regard, this study compares the game billing in P2W and non-P2W based on self-esteem. As a result, systems showed the interaction effect on the game billing with the self-esteem. In the non-P2W, game billing increased when the self-esteem was high, whereas the billing increased rapidly as the self-esteem was low in the P2W.

게임 내에서 과금 시스템으로 승리에 영향을 미치는 Pay-to-Win(P2W) 방식은 정당한 노력에 대한 반칙행위로 이용자들에게 비난을 받고 있다. 그러나, 청소년의 심리적 요인과 P2W이 실제 과금에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 부족하다. 이에 본 연구는 게임과금과 관련해 영향을 줄 수 있는 심리적 요인인 자존감을 축으로 P2W 및 비P2W에서 나타나는 게임과금 정도를 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 과금시스템은 청소년 자존감과 함께 게임과금 정도에 상호작용 효과를 나타냈는데, 비P2W 방식에서는 자존감이 높으면 과금이 증가하는 반면, P2W 방식에서는 자존감이 낮을수록 과금이 급격히 증가하고 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Dreier, M., Wolfling, K., Duven, E., Giralt, S., Beutel, M. E., & Muller, K. W, " Free-to-play: about addicted whales, at risk dolphins and healthy minnows. Monetarization design and internet gaming disorder", Addictive Behaviors, 64, 328-333, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.008
  2. Gainsbury, S. M., Hing, N., Delfabbro, P., Dewar, G., & King, D. L, "An exploratory study of interrelationships between social casino gaming, gambling, and problem gambling", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 13, 136-153, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-014-9526-x
  3. King, D. L., Russell, A., Gainsbury, S., Delfabbro, P. H., & Hing, N, " The cost of virtual wins: an examination of gambling-related risks in youth who spend money on social casino games", Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5,401-409, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.5.2016.067
  4. Korea Creative Contents Agency, "2018 Game User Survey". KOCCA Research Report, 2018.
  5. King, D. L., & Delfabbro, P. H, "Video Game Monetization (e.g., 'Loot Boxes'): a Blueprint for Practical Social Responsibility Measures", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(1), 166-179, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-0009-3
  6. https://www.tuw.edu/psychology/psychologybehind-microtransactions/
  7. Hjorth, L., & Khoo, O, "Routledge handbook of new media in Asia". Routledge, 2015.
  8. Qutee, "GAMING TODAY : A Report by Qutee into How Players Really Feel about Gaming in 2018", Qutee, 2018.
  9. Heimo, O. I., Harviainen, J. T., Kimppa, K. K., & Makila, T, "Virtual to Virtuous Money: A Virtue Ethics Perspective on Video Game Business Logic", Journal of Business Ethics, 153(1), 95-10, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3408-z
  10. Zendle, D., McCall, C., Barnett, H., & Cairns, P, "Paying for loot boxes is linked to problem gambling , regardless of specific features like cash-out and pay-to-win : A preregistered investigation of the relationship between loot box features and problem gambling", PsyArXiv, 2018.
  11. Kimppa, K. K., Heimo, O. I., & Harviainen, J. T, "First dose is always freemium", ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 45(3), 132-137, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1145/2874239.2874258
  12. King, D. L., & Delfabbro, P. H, "Video Game Monetization (e.g., 'Loot Boxes'): a Blueprint for Practical Social Responsibility Measures", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(1), 166-179, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-0009-3
  13. Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., & Schoenbach, C, "Self-esteem and adolescent problems: modeling reciprocal effects", American Sociological Review, 54, 1004-1018, 1989. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095720
  14. Faber, Ronald J. and Thomas C. O'Guinn, "A Clinical Screener for Compulsive Buying," Journal of Consumer Research, 19 (December), 459-69, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1086/209315
  15. Hanley, Alice and Mari S. Wilhelm, "Compulsive Buying: An Exploration into Self-Esteem and M oney Attitudes," Journal of Econom ic Psychology, 13, 5-18, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(92)90049-D
  16. Kohn, A, "No contest: The case against competition", Boston: Houghton Miffkin, 1986.
  17. Jeong Jun Park, "A reflective exploration of the mechanisms of sports competition on character development", The Journal of Curriculum Studies, 31(3), 281-297, 2013. https://doi.org/10.15708/kscs.31.3.201309.012
  18. Seungje Lee, Daeyoung Lee, Eui Jun Jeong, "Effects of Random Reward Items Use on Adolescents' Game Addiction Change : Focus on Self esteem, Depression, Self-control, Material Value, and Game Cognition", Journal of Korea Game Society, 8(1), 51-61, 2018.
  19. "The survey on real money Trade of Online Game Items", Korea Game Development & Promotion Institute, 2006.
  20. Rosenberg, M, "Society and the adolescent self-image". Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.