Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회지)

Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Studies on Antioxidant, Anti-inflammation and Whitening Activities of Hordeum vulgare L. Extracts and Their Fractions

청보리 추출물과 분획물의 항산화, 항염 및 미백활성 연구

  • Park, Che Hwon (Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Jang Ho (Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Min, Seon Young (Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, Kyungmin (Jeju R&D Center, AMI Cosmetics Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Suyeong (Jeju R&D Center, AMI Cosmetics Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Young Jin (Department of Integrated Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University)
  • 박채훤 (건국대학교 의료생명대학 바이오융합과학부) ;
  • 박장호 (건국대학교 의료생명대학 바이오융합과학부) ;
  • 민선영 (건국대학교 의료생명대학 바이오융합과학부) ;
  • 김경민 (주식회사 아미코스메틱 제주연구소) ;
  • 김수영 (주식회사 아미코스메틱 제주연구소) ;
  • 박영진 (건국대학교 의료생명대학 바이오융합과학부)
  • Received : 2019.08.07
  • Accepted : 2019.09.24
  • Published : 2019.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and whitening effect of Hordeum vulgare L. extracts and their fractions. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in fractions were varied from 13.58 to 40.06 mg GAE/g and 7.67 ~ 13.67 mg CE/g, respectively. Among the three fractions(chloroform, hexane, and water), $400{\mu}g/mL$ of the chroloform fraction showed similar antioxidant activity to ascorbic acid ($30{\mu}M$) against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The chloroform and hexane fractions inhibited the NO production of RAW 264.7 cells similar to quercetin ($15{\mu}M$) and the chloroform fraction of $100{\mu}g/mL$ significantly reduced IL-6, iNOS and COX2 gene expression. Additionally, the chloroform fraction inhibited ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase degranulation, IL-4, and IL-13 gene expression in RBL-2H3 cells. All of the fractions inhibited tyrosinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, and the hexane fraction at $50{\mu}g/mL$ and the chloroform fraction at $100{\mu}g/mL$ significantly inhibited melanin production of B16F10 cells. These results indicated that H. vulgare L. can be used as an effective cosmetic ingredient having anti-inflammation and whitening activity.

본 연구는 청보리 추출물 및 용매 분획물의 항산화 활성, 항염활성 및 미백 활성을 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 청보리의 용매별 분획물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 13.58 ~ 40.06 mg GAE/g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 7.67 ~ 13.67 mg CE/g으로 확인되었다. 청보리 용매 분획물의 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) 라디칼 소거활성을 평가한 결과 클로로폼 분획물 $400{\mu}g/mL$ 처리 시 대조구인 ascorbic acid ($30{\mu}M$)와 유사한 DPPH 라디칼소거능이 확인되었다. RAW 264.7 세포를 대상으로 한 NO생성 억제 활성 평가에서는 클로로폼 및 헥산 분획물이 대조구인 quercetin ($15{\mu}M$)과 유사한 활성이 확인되었으며, 클로로폼 분획물 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 처리 시 IL-6, iNOS 및 COX2 유전자의 발현이 대조구 (lipopolysaccharide $1{\mu}g/mL$) 보다 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 감소함이 확인되었다. 청보리 용매 분획물 중 클로로폼 분획물은 RBL-2H3 세포의 ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase 탈과립, IL-4 및 IL-13 유전자의 발현을 유의한 수준으로 억제하는 것이 확인되었다. 청보리 용매 분획물은 tyrosinase활성을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였으며, 헥산 분획물 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 및 클로로폼 분획물 $100{\mu}g/mL$은 유의한 수준으로 B16F10 세포의 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들은 청보리가 항염 및 미백 활성을 가지는 효과적인 화장품 소재로 활용 가능하다는 것을 시사한다.

Keywords

References

  1. T. Xie, S. Song, S. Li, L. Ouyang, L. Xia, and J. Huang, Review of natural product databases, Cell Prolif., 48(4), 398 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.12190
  2. E. C. Milam and A. R. Evan, An approach to cosmeceuticals, J Drugs Dermatol, 15(4), 452 (2016).
  3. H. Sies, Oxidative stress: a concept in redox biology and medicine, Redox biol, 4, 180 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2015.01.002
  4. G. Bjorklund and S. Chirumbolo, Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in daily nutrition and human health, Nutrition, 33, 311 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.018
  5. E. D. Lephart, Skin aging and oxidative stress: Equol's anti-aging effects via biochemical and molecular mechanisms, Ageing Res. Rev., 31, 36 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2016.08.001
  6. K. Kandola, A. Bowman, and M. A. Birch-Machin, Oxidative stress-a key emerging impact factor in health, ageing, lifestyle and aesthetics, Int J Cosmet Sci, 37(S2), 1 (2015).
  7. R. Medzhitov, Origin and physiological roles of inflammation, Nature, 454(7203), 428 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07201
  8. C. N. Palmer, A. D. Irvine, A. Terron-Kwiatkowski, Y. Zhao, H. Liao, S. P. Lee, D. R. Goudie, A. Sandilands, L. E. Campbell, F. J. Smith, G. M. O'Regan, R. M. Watson, J. E. Cecil, S. J. Bale, J. G. Compton, J. J. DiGiovanna, P. Fleckman, S. Lewis-Jones, G. Arseculeratne, A. Sergeant, C. S. Munro, B. El Houate, K. McElreavey, L. B. Halkjaer, H. Bisgaard, S. Mukhopadhyay, and W. H. McLean, Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis, Nat. Genet., 38(4), 441 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1767
  9. E. H. Choi and N. Y. Yoon, Pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, J. Korean Med. Assoc., 57(3), 218 (2014). https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2014.57.3.218
  10. N. Y. Yoon, H. Y. Wang, M. Jun, M. Jung, D. H. Kim, N. R. Lee, K.-W. Hong, S. J. Seo, E. Choi, J. Lee, H. Lee, and E. H. Choi, Simultaneous detection of barrier-and immune-related gene variations in patients with atopic dermatitis by reverse blot hybridization assay, Clin. Exp. Dermatol., 43(4), 430 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.13367
  11. M. Neis, B. Peters, A. Dreuw, J. Wenzel, T. Bieber, C. Mauch, T. Krieg, S. Stanzel, P. Heinrich, and H. Merk, Enhanced expression levels of IL-31 correlate with IL-4 and IL-13 in atopic and allergic contact dermatitis, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 118(4), 930 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.07.015
  12. S. Tewtraku and A. Itharat, Anti-allergic substances from the rhizomes of Dioscorea membranacea. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14(24), 8707 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.012
  13. H. Matsuda, T. Morikawa, H. Managi, and M. Yoshikawa, Antiallergic principles from Alpinia galanga: structural requirements of phenylpropanoids for inhibition of degranulation and release of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-4 in RBL-2H3 cells, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13(19), 3197 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-894X(03)00710-8
  14. A. Chukaew, C. Pongimanont, C. Karalai, and S. Tewtrakul, Potential anti-allergic acridone alkaloids from the roots of Atalantia monophylla. Phytochemistry, 69(14), 2616 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.08.007
  15. S. Pillai, C. Oresajo, and J. Hayward, Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation-induced matrix degradation-a review, Int J Cosmet Sci, 27(1), 17 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00241.x
  16. U. Panich, T. Onkoksoong, K. Kongtaphan, K. Kasetsinsombat, P. Akarasereenont, and A. Wongkajornsilp, Inhibition of UVA-mediated melanogenesis by ascorbic acid through modulation of antioxidant defense and nitric oxide system, Arch. Pharm. Res., 34(5), 811 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-011-0515-3
  17. S. Ito and K. Wakamatsu, Quantitative analysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin in humans, mice, and other animals: a comparative review, Pigment Cell Res., 16(5), 523 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2003.00072.x
  18. Y. M. Yoon, S. H. Bae, S. K. An, Y. B. Choe, K. J. Ahn, and I. S. An, Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin and skin cell signaling pathways, Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 11(3), 417 (2013).
  19. J. W. Kim, H. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, O. C. Kwon, E. S. Son, C. S. Lee, and Y. J. Park, Effects of ganodermanondiol, a new melanogenesis inhibitor from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, Int J Mol Sci, 17(11), 1798 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111798
  20. Y. U. Jeong and Y. J. Park, Studies on antioxidant and whitening activities of Salix gracilistyla extracts, J. Soc. Cosmet. Sci. Korea, 44(3), 317 (2018). https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2018.44.3.317
  21. M. Brenner and V. J. Hearing, The protective role of melanin against UV damage in human skin, Photochem. Photobiol., 84(3), 539 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x
  22. S. Parvez, M. Kang, H. S. Chung, C. Cho, M. C. Hong, M. K. Shin, and H. Bae, Survey and mechanism of skin depigmenting and lightening agents, Phytother Res, 20(11), 921 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1954
  23. N. Baurin, E. Arnoult, T. Scior, Q. T. Do, and P. Bernard, Preliminary screening of some tropical plants for anti-tyrosinase activity, J Ethnophamacpl, 82(2-3), 155 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00174-5
  24. V. J. Hearing and K. Tsukamoto, Enzymatic control of pigmentation in mammals, FASEB J., 5(14), 2902 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.5.14.1752358
  25. G. Prota, The chemistry of melanins and melanogenesis, Prog Chem Org Nat Prod, 64, 93 (1995).
  26. C. S. Eun, E. Y. Hwang, S. O. Lee, S. A. Yang, and M. H. Yu, Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of barley sprout extract. J. Life Sci., 26(5), 537 (2016). https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2016.26.5.537
  27. S. H. Jo, C. Y. Cho, K. S. Ha, E. J. Choi, Y. R. Kang, and Y. I. Kwon, The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts of selected barley and wheat inhabited in Korean Peninsula, J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 42(7), 1003 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.7.1003
  28. G. Nirupama, B. H. Mohammad, K. R. Dilip, and P. B. Nigel, A Review of extraction and analysis of bioactives in oat and barley and scope for use of novel food processing technologies, Molecules, 20(6), 10884 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200610884
  29. S. J. Park, J. S. Lee, Y. H. Hoe, E. Y. Moon, and M. H. Kan, Physiology activity of barley leaf using different drying methods, J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 37(12), 1627 (2008). https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.12.1627
  30. V. Dewanto, X. Wu, K. K. Adom, and R. H. Liu, Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity, J. Agric. Food Chem., 50(10), 3010 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0115589
  31. M. S. Stankovic, N. Niciforovic, M. Topuzovic, and S. Solujic, Total phenolic content, flavonoid concentrations and antioxidant activity, of the whole plant and plant parts extracts from Teucrium montanum L. var. montanum, f. supinum (L.) Reichenb, Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip., 25(1), 2222 (2011). https://doi.org/10.5504/BBEQ.2011.0020
  32. N. Nakatani, Recent advances in the study on natural antioxidants, Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi, 37, 569 (1990). https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.37.7_569
  33. K. Nozaki, Current aspect and future condition of phytogenic antioxidants, Fragrance Journal, 6, 99 (1986).
  34. F. Perez-Vizcaino, and J. Duarte, Flavonols and cardiovascular disease, Mol. Aspects Med., 31(6), 478 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.002
  35. A. Laupacis, P. A. Keown, R. A. Ulan, N. McKenzie, and C. R. Stiller, Cyclosporin A: a powerful immunosuppressant, Can Med Assoc J, 126(9), 1041 (1982).
  36. K. Ishihara and T. Hirano, IL-6 in autoimmune disease and chronic inflammatory proliferative disease, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev., 13(4-5), 357 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6101(02)00027-8
  37. J. M. Sforcin, J. T. Amaral, A. Jr. Fernandes, J. P. Sousa, and J. K. Bastos, Lemongrass effects on IL-1${\beta}$ and IL-6 production by macrophages, Nat. Prod. Res., 23(12), 1151 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410902800681
  38. K. H. Hanel, C. Cornelissen, B. Luscher, and J. Baron, Cytokines and the skin barrier, Int J Mol Sci, 14(4), 6720 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14046720
  39. A. Slominski, D. J. Tobin, S. Shibahara, and J. Wortsman, Melanin pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation, Physiol. Rev., 84(4), 1155 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00044.2003
  40. K. Maeda and M. Fukuda, Arbutin: mechanism of its depigmenting action in human melanocyte culture, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 276(2), 765 (1995).
  41. Y. Cao and R. Cao, Angiogenesis inhibited by drinking tea, Nature, 398(6726), 381 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/18793
  42. H. L. Madsen and G. Bertelsen, Spices as antioxidants, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 6(8), 271 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(00)89112-8
  43. F. Shahidi, P. K. Janitha, and P. D. Wanasundara, Phenolic antioxidants, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 32(1), 67 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399209527581