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A Study on the Stages of Exercise Behaviors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

류마티스 관절염 환자의 운동행동 변화단계에 관한 연구

  • Park, Ji Hyun (College of Nursing, Taegu Science University) ;
  • Son, Jung Tae (Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 박지현 (대구과학대학교 간호대학) ;
  • 손정태 (대구가톨릭대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소)
  • Received : 2020.10.30
  • Accepted : 2020.12.04
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

This study examined factors affecting the stages of exercise behavior among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The analysis was based on data collected from 238 patients who enrolled at the medical center of D university. The participants showed 5 stages of exercise behavior: pre-contemplation 23.9%, contemplation 23.0%, preparation 33.2%, action 5.0%, and maintenance 29.0%. There were statistically significant differences in perceived barriers of exercise, exercise self-efficacy, and perceived health status according to the stage of exercise behavior of the subjects. It was found that among the barriers to exercise, physical and cognitive psychological factors significantly influenced the stages of exercise behavior. Also, exercise self-efficacy significantly affected the stages of exercise behavior. Thus, for rheumatoid arthritis patients to practice and maintain proper exercise behavior, the nursing staff should continue to assess and reduce the barriers to exercise. Exercise programs should enhance self-efficacy to achieve long-term exercise behavior.

본 연구는 류마티스 관절염 환자 238명을 대상으로 운동행동 변화단계를 확인하고, 운동행동 변화단계에 따른 운동방해요인, 운동 자기효능감, 지각된 건강상태의 차이를 알아봄으로써 운동 실천을 촉진하고 유지할 수 있는 운동 교육프로그램 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시행되었다. 연구 결과, 연구 참여자의 운동행동 단계는 무관심단계 23.9%, 관심단계 23.0%, 준비단계 33.2%, 실천단계 5.0%, 유지단계 29.0%이었고, 연구 참여자의 운동행동단계에 따라 운동방해요인, 운동 자기효능감, 지각된 건강상태가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 운동방해요인 중 신체적 요인과 인지심리적 요인이 운동행동 변화단계에 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 류마티스 관절염 환자의 운동프로그램을 계획할 때 운동행동단계별로 미리 예상되는 운동방해요인을 파악하고 이를 고려한 계획을 함으로써 운동 중도 포기자를 예측하고 관리하여 지속적인 운동 유지에 도움이 될 것이다. 류마티스 관절염 환자가 운동을 실천하고 지속하도록 하기 위해 간호사는 환자의 운동방해요인을 파악하고 줄이기 위한 중재를 계획하고, 운동에 대한 자기효능감을 증진할 수 있도록 도와주어야 한다.

Keywords

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