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Seepage Behaviors on the Box Culvert Side of Enlarged Levee

하천 보축제체의 배수통문 구조물 측면부 침투 특성

  • Received : 2019.12.13
  • Accepted : 2020.03.10
  • Published : 2020.04.01

Abstract

This numerical study is to investigate the seepage characteristics of the side of the structure in the event of leakage from the structural connection part of the drainage structure installed through the enlarged levee, and to analyze the effect of piping on the stabilization of the levee by the lateral penetration behavior. To take into account lateral seepage behavior, 2D and 3D numerical analyses were performed on the same model, and the effect of lateral seepage was analyzed to assess the validity of the numerical analysis. As a result, when leakage occurs and a lateral seepage is considered with the gate located on the riverside land, the maximum pore water pressure near the leakage point of the structure has been reduced by half compared to the normal seepage state where no leakage occurred. Excessive variation in the pore pressure was shown at the lower part of the structure, especially if lateral seepage is not considered. As a water level rises to the high water level, it shows the hydraulic gradient was larger than the critical hydraulic gradient, which will be vulnerable to long-term piping. If a gate is located in the inland and side seepage is not considered, the effect of the seepage water such as hydraulic gradient and seepage velocity is underestimated compared with the case of considering side seepage. The maximum hydraulic gradient is relatively small when lateral seepage is neglected if a gate is located in the riverside land and there was might be a risk of piping or loss of material. In addition, the period exceeding the critical hydraulic gradient was interpreted as a short time zone. As a result, it is considered that the possibility of piping can be underestimated if side seepage is ignored.

본 연구는 하천 보축제체 내부를 관통하여 설치되는 배수통문 구조물 연결부에서 누수가 발생하는 경우 구조물 측면의 침투 특성을 파악하고 이러한 측면 침투 거동에 따른 파이핑 등이 제체 안정에 미치는 영향을 분석한 수치해석적 연구이다. 측면 침투 거동을 고려하기 위해 동일한 모델에 대해 2차원 및 3차원 수치해석을 수행하였다. 그리고 측면 침투의 영향을 분석하고 수치 해석의 타당성을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 제외지에 수문이 위치한 조건에서 누수가 발생하고 측면 침투를 고려하는 경우 구조물 누수지점 인근의 최대간극수압은 누수가 발생하지 않는 정상적인 침투 상태에 비해 절반 정도로 감소하였다. 특히 측면 침투를 고려하지 않는 경우 구조물 하부에서 과도한 간극수압 변화를 보였다. 구조물 상부와 하부의 동수경사는 고수위로 수위가 상승하면서 한계동수경사보다 큰 동수경사를 나타내고 있어 장기간 파이핑에 취약할 것으로 판단된다. 제내지에 수문이 위치하고 측면침투를 고려하지 않는 경우 동수경사와 침투유속 등 침투수의 영향은 측면침투를 고려하는 경우에 비해 과소하게 해석되었다. 수문이 제외지에 위치하고 누수가 발생하여 파이핑 발생 또는 제체 재료 유실이 우려되는 경우 측면 침투를 무시하게 되면 최대 동수경사는 상대적으로 작게 나타났다. 그리고 한계동수경사를 초과하는 기간도 짧은 시간대로 해석되었다. 결과적으로 측면 침투를 무시하게 되면 파이핑 발생 가능성을 과소하게 평가할 수 있어 주의해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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