Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Industrial potential of domestic Zanthoxylum piperitum and Zanthoxylum schinifolium: Protective effect of both extracts on high glucose-induced neurotoxicity

국내산 초피와 산초의 산업적 활용 가능성: 고당으로 유도된 뇌신경세포 독성에 대한 추출물의 보호 효과

  • Han, Hye Ju (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Seon Kyeong (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Min Ji (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • An, Jun Woo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Se Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kang, Jin Yong (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong Min (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Heo, Ho Jin (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 한혜주 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 박선경 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 김민지 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 안준우 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 이세진 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 강진용 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 김종민 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 허호진 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus), 농업생명과학연구원)
  • Received : 2020.04.10
  • Accepted : 2020.05.19
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

This study focused on the in vitro investigation of antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities, along with neuroprotection against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, in order to evaluate the physiological effects of Zanthoxylum piperitum and Zanthoxylum schinifolium. The highest total phenolic content was measured in the 40% ethanolic extracts of Zanthoxylum piperitum (EZP) and Zanthoxylum schinifolium (EZS). The in vitro EZP antioxidant activity showed a relatively higher ABTS/DPPH radical scavenging activity and malondialdehyde inhibitory effect than that of EZS. The EZP inhibited carbohydrate hydrolysis (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) more efficiently than EZS in anti-diabetic tests. However, EZS showed a more efficient inhibition of advanced glycation end-products formation than EZP. In addition, both EZP and EZS effectively protected human-derived neuronal cells from high glucose-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, the physiological compounds were analyzed using UPLC IMS-QTOF/MSE, and the main EZP (quercetin-3-O-glucoside and 3-caffeoylquinic acid) and EZS (5-caffeoylquinic acid) compounds were identified as phenolic compounds.

본 연구에서는 국내 주요 토종 향신료로 활용되는 초피(Zanthoxylum piperitum)와 산초(Zanthoxylum schinifolium)가 갖는 in vitro 항당뇨 활성과 뇌신경세포 보호 효과를 확인하고 이에 영향을 주는 주요 생리활성물질을 분석하고자 하였다. 추출 용매에 따른 차이를 비교하기 위하여 총 페놀함량을 측정한 결과, 공통적으로 40% 에탄올의 초피 추출물(EZP)과 산초 추출물(EZS)에서 뛰어난 함량을 나타냈으며, ABTS/DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 MDA 생성 억제 효과에 대해서도 상대적으로 우수한 항산화 활성을 보였다. 초피 추출물(EZP)와 산초 추출물(EZS)의 당뇨 관련 효소에 대한 저해 효과를 비교한 결과, 초피 추출물(EZP)는 α-amylase 및 α-glucosidase와 같은 효소를 직접적으로 억제하는 능력이 뛰어났으며, 산초 추출물(EZS)는 비효소적 반응으로 단백질과 당의 결합을 막아 최종당화산물의 생성을 억제하는 능력이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. 또한, MC-IXC 뇌신경세포에 고당을 처리하여 산화적 스트레스를 유발시켰을 때 생성되는 ROS의 함량과 뇌신경세포 사멸에 대해 우수한 보호 효과를 보여주었다. 이러한 초피 추출물(EZP)와 산초 추출물(EZS)의 생리활성물질을 확인하기 위해 UPLC IMS-QTOF/MSE 분석을 실시한 결과, 초피 추출물(EZP)의 경우 3-CQA, 4-CQA, quercetin-3-O-glucoside 및 quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside가 주요 물질임을 확인하였으며, 산초 추출물(EZS)의 경우 protocatechuic acid glucoside, 5-CQA 및 rutin이 주요 물질임을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 초피와 산초는 식후 혈당의 급격한 상승을 지연 또는 개선하고 이로 인해 야기되는 산화적 스트레스로부터 뇌신경세포를 보호하여 고혈당으로 인한 퇴행성 뇌질환과 같은 당뇨 및 그 합병증을 예방할 수 있는 천연 유래 건강기능식품 소재로의 산업적 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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