Environmental Engineering Research

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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A comparative study on defluoridation capabilities of biosorbents: Isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, cost estimation and regeneration study

  • Yihunu, Endashaw Workie (State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Yu, Haiyan (Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security) ;
  • Junhe, Wen (Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security) ;
  • Kai, Zhang (State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Teffera, Zebene Lakew (Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Tongji University) ;
  • Weldegebrial, Brhane (Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Tongji University) ;
  • Limin, Ma (State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University)
  • Received : 2019.03.11
  • Accepted : 2019.05.24
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

The presence of high fluoride concentration (> 1.5 mg/L) in water causes serious health problems such as fluorosis, infertility, brain damage, etc., which are endemic to many places in the world. This study has investigated the fluoride removal capacity of the novel activated biochar (BTS) and hydrochar (HTS) using Teff (Eragrostis tef) straw as a precursor. Activated biochar with mesoporous structures and large specific surface area of 627.7 ㎡/g were prepared via pyrolysis process. Low-cost carbonaceous hydrochar were also synthesized by an acid assisted hydrothermal carbonization process. Results obtained from both adsorbents show that the best local maximum fluoride removal was achieved at pH 2, contact time 120 min and agitation speed 200 rpm. The thermodynamic studies proved that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Both adsorbents equilibrium data fitted to Langmuir isotherm. However, Freundlich isotherm fitted best for BTS. The maximum fluoride loading capacity of BTS and HTS was found to be 212 and 88.7 mg/g, respectively. The variation could primarily be attributed to a relatively larger Surface area for BTS. Hence, to treat fluoride contaminated water, BTS can be promising as an effective adsorbent.

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