Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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Exploratory Study on the Phenomena of Entrepreneurship Education in Food and Agriculture Sectors Based on the Grounded Theory Approach

근거이론접근법에 기반한 농식품분야 창업교육현상에 관한 탐색적 연구

  • Seol, Byung Moon (Graduate School of Business & Entrepreneurship, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 설병문 (경남과학기술대학교 창업대학원 창업학과)
  • Received : 2020.05.12
  • Accepted : 2020.06.29
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

This study analyzes the entrepreneurship education phenomena for agri-food entrepreneurs whose main business is the production of agricultural products and the sale of processed products, using the qualitative study Strauss & Corbin(1998)'s evidence theory approach. From the entrepreneur's point of view, I would like to summarize the phenomena that appear in education, and to prepare a theoretical basis for explaining the phenomena. The importance of entrepreneurship education is emphasized to cultivate the ability to develop and provide products tailored to customers. The necessity of education leads to an increase in demand according to the situational awareness of the founders, and the quantitative increase in entrepreneurship education in the agri-food sector is a clear trend. Inevitably, the need for various discussions on systematic and effective entrepreneurship education is raised. For the study, an interview was conducted with preliminary or entrepreneur who have experienced entrepreneurship education in the agri-food sector. As a research method, I use Strauss & Corbin(1998)'s approach and analyze qualitative data using QSR's NVIVO 12 program. Through this study, it was found that contextual and systematic entrepreneurship education in the agri-food sector has the effect of strengthening competitiveness and strengthening sales. There is a need for follow-up management of trainees. Strengthening the competitiveness of start-ups is based on training professional manpower through education and linking regions with cities. Strengthening sales is based on product planning and market development. This study explores entrepreneurship education in the agri-food sector, which has not been actively conducted in the past. Exploratory analysis on the experiences of the founders of agri-food sector as education demanders has an important meaning for understanding the phenomenon of start-up education.

농식품분야 창업환경을 보면 국내외 시장상황과 소비자 트렌드의 변화가 심화되는 추세이다. 창업자는 농산물 재배, 가공과 판매, 농식품 제조 전 과정에 걸쳐 경쟁력 강화가 필요하며, 높은 수준의 기업가정신이 절실한 상황이다. 창업자는 창업준비부터 매출확대까지 시장과 고객요구에 대응할 역량을 갖추어야 하며, 교육을 통한 역량강화의 기회들이 필요하다. 이런 환경은 창업자의 교육수요 증가로 이어지고 있으며, 농식품분야에서 창업교육의 양적 증가현상도 보인다. 그러나 교육기회의 확대에도 불구하고 한편으로 농업전문기관을 중심으로 이루어져온 전통적 농업교육에서의 창업교육은 생산중심의 기술교육에 치중되어 있다는 지적이 있었다. 창업교육에서 기술교육의 중요성을 인정하면서도 농업창업인의 소득증대를 위해서는 고객관점의 상품개발과 판매역량 강화를 위한 교육의 필요성이 존재한다. 본 연구는 농창업인의 입장에서 농식품 창업교육 현상을 탐색적으로 분석하여 이 분야에서 창업자가 필요로 하는 교육을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 농창업분야에서 나타나는 현상을 교육수요자인 농창업자의 입장에서 분석한다. 분석은 농업기술원, 농업기술센터, 대학 등의 창업교육기관에서 농식품분야의 창업교육을 경험한 예비 및 기창업자를 대상으로 하며, 교육생의 교육동기, 교육내용, 강사, 교육방법, 사후관리 등의 현상을 중심으로 분석을 진행한다. 분석은 질적연구를 위하여 Strauss & Corbin(1998)의 근거이론 접근방법을 진행한다. 분석을 위한 개방코딩은 질적 데이터 분석툴인 QSR사(社)의 NVIVO 12 프로그램으로 사용하였다. 연구결과, 농식품분야 창업교육의 중심현상으로 교육정보증가 현상, 초기관리역량교육, 사업화교육이 도출되었다. 농창업교육에서 교육정보 획득노력과 교육기관의 교육정보 제공노력이 증가하여 교육정보측면에서 개선현상이 보인다. 초기관리역량교육은 스마트워킹, 기본역량, 관련 제도 교육을 중심으로 제공되고 있으며, 초기관리 관련 교육이 역량 강화로 연계되는 현상이 보인다. 이와 함께 사업화 성공에 필요한 실무 역량인 비즈니스모델, 고객, 재무 교육이 이루어지고 있다. 교육생의 협업강화, 관계구축, 학습지향, 적극적 태도가 중심현상과 작용하여 매출증대, 경쟁력 강화 등의 교육성과로 이어진다고 교육생들이 인식하고 있다. 농창업자의 경쟁력 강화와 매출강화를 위하여 전문인력양성, 기업가정신 강화, 상품기획역량, 시장확대역량 분야의 교육 강화요구 현상이 분석에서 나타나고 있다. 본 연구는 농식품분야 창업교육을 수요자 관점에서 분석하여 교육 설계에서 운영방식, 교육내용, 교육행정에 관한 개선 논의와 함께 농창업자의 생존력 강화를 위한 정책적 시사점을 도출하고 있다. 연구결과는 교육설계 과정에서 정책기관과 교육기관이 고려해야 할 시사점을 제시하며, 창업농을 위한 지원정책 시행과정에서 중요성 높아진 창업교육설계의 참고자료로서 의미를 가질 수 있다.

Keywords

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