Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Opening Status of the Korea Midwifery Birthing Centers and Development of Midwifery Practice Guideline

한국 조산원 개원실태 및 조산직무지침 개발

  • Received : 2020.02.14
  • Accepted : 2020.07.02
  • Published : 2020.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study was to investigate the operational status of the midwifery birthing centers (MBCs) and midwives' job status (Phase 1) and to develop midwifery practice guidelines (MPG) (Phase 2) in Korea. Methods: In the first phase, the subjects were 15 midwives who operated 11 of 14 MBCs that were opened as of August 2018. The questionnaire consisted of items to measure the operational status of the MBC and midwives' job status. In the second phase, the MPG was developed from literature review, interviews with five midwives opening their MBCs, surveys with 74 midwives, and a validity evaluation conducted by seven experts. Results: The distribution of operating MBCs was five in Gyunggi-do, two each in Seoul and Incheon, one each in Busan, Chungcheongbuk-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeju-do. The mean age of midwives was 54.3 and all were female. In 2017, a total of 762 births including 81 homebirths were performed by midwives. The job performance was highest in the order of neonatal care 3.81, childbirth care 3.56, and postpartal care 3.53, respectively. The MPG included seven areas of prenatal care, childbirth care, postpartal care, neonatal care, primary health care, law/ethics, and administration, with 56 tasks and 166 task elements. Conclusion: This study provides the valid basic data for the operational status of the MBC and the midwives' job status. The MPG describes the midwife's job and may be used as basic data for preparing policies for the development of midwifery practice in Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. Hwang JY. Comprehensive care of high-risk pregnancy for reducing maternal mortality: A proposal to establish a Korean pregnancy and birth registry. Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health. 2015;19(2):163-171. https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2015.19.2.163
  2. Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). Population projections for Korea [Internet]. Daejeon: Statistics Korea; c2020 [cited 2020 Jun 8]. Available from: https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1B8000F&conn_path=I2.
  3. Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA). 2018 National health insurance statistical yearbook [Internet]. Wonju: HIRA; c2020 [cited 2020 Jun 8]. Available from: http://www.hira.or.kr/bbsDummy.do?pgmid=HIRAA020045020000&brd-ScnBltNo=4&brdBltNo=2311&pageIndex=1#none.
  4. Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW). Guidance for childbirth vulnerable support project [Internet]. Sejong: MOHW; c2020 [cited 2020 Jun 8]. Available from: http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/jb/sjb030301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=03&MENU_ID=032901&CONT_SEQ=353104.
  5. Park JS, Kwon YE, Kim BM. The job experience of nurse midwives. Korean Journal Health Communication. 2017;12(1):85-95.
  6. Alliman J, Phillippi JC. Maternal outcomes in birth centers: An integrative review of the literature. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 2016;61(1):21-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12356
  7. Lee SH. Women's experiences on spontaneous delivery with midwives. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2014;20(1):1-13. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2014.20.1.1
  8. O'Brien B, Chalmers B, Fell D, Heaman M, Darling EK, Herbert P. The experience of pregnancy and birth with midwives: Results from the Canadian maternity experiences survey. Birth. 2011;38(3):207-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536X.2011.00482.x
  9. Toohill J, Callander E, Gamble J, Creedy DK, Fenwick J. A cost effectiveness analysis of midwife psycho-education for fearful pregnant women - a health system perspective for the antenatal period. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2017;17(1):217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1404-7
  10. de Jonge A, Mesman JA, Manniën J, Zwart JJ, Buitendijk SE, van Roosmalen J, et al. Severe adverse maternal outcomes among women in midwife-led versus obstetrician-led care at the onset of labour in the Netherlands: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0126266. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126266
  11. Sheen K, Spiby H, Slade P. Exposure to traumatic perinatal experiences and posttraumatic stress symptoms in midwives: Prevalence and association with burnout. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2015;52(2):578-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.11.006
  12. Nowotny-Czupryna O, Naworska B, Brzek A, Nowotny J, Famula A, Kmita B, et al. Professional experience and ergonomic aspects of midwives' work. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health. 2012;25(3):265-274. https://doi.org/10.2478/S13382-012-0034-6
  13. World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, United Nations Population Fund. Managing complications in pregnancy and childbirth: A guide for midwives and doctors [Internet]. 2nd ed. Geneva: WHO; c2017 [cited 2018 Mar 7]. Available from: https://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/managing-complications-pregnancy-childbirth/en/.
  14. American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM). ACNM re-entry to midwifery practice [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): ACNM; c2016 [cited 2018 Mar 7]. Available from: https://www.midwife.org/Re-entry-Guidelines-for-CNMs/CMs.
  15. Song JY. Work situations and task analysis of midwives opening their own childbirth centers in Korea [master's thesis]. Seoul: Korea University; 2004. p. 1-57.
  16. Pyun SJ, Park YS, Moon GN, Kim HK. Midwife job analysis. Seoul: Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute; 2000 Dec. Report No.: 00B-07b.
  17. Park YS, Lee KH, Pyun SJ, Kim HK. A study on the implementation of the improvement of national examination subjects for midwives. Seoul: Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute; 2005 Dec. Report No.: RE02-0510-04.
  18. Lee IH. A study on the role and decline of the midwife as female childbirth professional. Korean Journal of Oral History. 2015;6(1):121-161.
  19. Cook E, Avery M, Frisvold M. Formulating evidence-based guidelines for certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives attending home births. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 2014;59(2):153-159. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12142
  20. Hanson L, VandeVusse L, Roberts J, Forristal A. A critical appraisal of guidelines for antenatal care: Components of care and priorities in prenatal education. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 2009;54(6):458-468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.08.002
  21. Kataoka Y, Eto H, Iida M, Yaju Y, Asai H, Sakurai A, et al. Japan Academy of Midwifery: 2012 evidence-based guidelines for midwifery care during childbirth. Journal of Japan Academy of Midwifery. 2012;26(2):275-283. https://doi.org/10.3418/jjam.26.275
  22. Austin MP, Middleton P, Reilly NM, Highet NJ. Detection and management of mood disorders in the maternity setting: The Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines. Women and Birth. 2013;26(1):2-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2011.12.001
  23. Spiby H, Munro J. The development and peer review of evidence-based guidelines to support midwifery led care in labour. Midwifery. 2009;25(2):163-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2007.01.018
  24. International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). Essential competencies for midwifery practice [Internet]. Hague: ICM; c2019 [cited 2020 Jul 9]. Available from: https://www.internationalmidwives.org/our-work/policy-and-practice/essential-competencies-for-midwifery-practice.html.
  25. Lee KH, Kim KW. Core competency of basic practice of nurse-midwifery. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2003;9(4):410-421. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2003.9.4.410
  26. Kim J, Jung Y. Methods and applications to estimate the conversion factor of resource-based relative value scale for nurse-midwife's delivery service in the national health insurance. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2009;39(4):574-583. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.574
  27. Im H, Kim J. Methods and estimates of the reimbursement for the nurse midwifery center in the national health insurance. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2011;17(4):328-336. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2011.17.4.328

Cited by

  1. 2020 Year of the nurse and the midwife: a call for strengthening midwifery in response to South Korea's ultra-low birth rate vol.26, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2020.12.03