Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Association between Perceived Parenting Style and Adolescents' Attitudes toward Suicide

  • Received : 2020.08.10
  • Accepted : 2020.09.14
  • Published : 2020.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Adolescent suicide, a major cause of adolescent death, is affected by various factors, including attitudes toward suicide. This study investigated the association between parenting style and adolescents' attitudes toward suicide and the mediating role of attitude toward suicide between parenting style and suicidal ideation. Methods: We surveyed 1,071 adolescents from eight middle schools in Incheon, Korea. The survey included sociodemographic information, attitudes toward suicide, perception of parenting style, depression severity, and suicidality. Results: Students in the authoritarian parenting group had a more permissive attitude toward suicide compared with the democratic and permissive parenting groups. These students considered that suicide is justified in certain situations and that choosing suicide is an individual's right. They also had a negative attitude toward talking about suicide or intervening in others' suicide. This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for the impact of confounding factors that could affect attitudes toward suicide, except for suicidal processes and preparedness to prevent suicide. In the mediation analysis, we observed that some factors of the attitudes toward suicide mediated between authoritarian parenting attitudes and suicidal ideation, namely, suicide as a right, preventability, suicide as normal/common, preparedness to prevent suicide, and resignation. Conclusion: This study revealed the significant impact of parenting style on children's attitudes toward suicide. Educating parents about the appropriate parenting attitudes-sympathetic and rational-can help prevent youth suicide.

Keywords

References

  1. World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data [cited 2018 Jun 10]. Available from URL: https://www.who.int/gho/mortality_burden_disease/causes_death/top_10/en/.
  2. AFSP. Suicide statistics [cited 2018 Jun 10]. Available from URL: https://afsp.org/about-suicide/suicide-statistics/.
  3. Jeon HJ, Bae J, Woo JM. Recent statistics and risk factors of suicide in children and adolescents. J Korean Med Assoc 2013;56:93-99. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2013.56.2.93
  4. OECD. Suicide rates [cited 2019 Sep 24]. Available from URL: https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/suicide-rates.htm.
  5. KOSIS. 2018 Korea cause of death statistics [cited 2019 Sep 24]. Available from URL: http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1B34E01&conn_path=I2.
  6. Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 1986;51:1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  7. Borowsky IW, Ireland M, Resnick MD. Adolescent suicide attempts: risks and protectors. Pediatrics 2001;107:485-493. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.107.3.485
  8. Stein D, Brom D, Elizur A, Witztum E. The association between attitudes toward suicide and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998;97:195-201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09987.x
  9. Arnautovska U, Grad OT. Attitudes toward suicide in the adolescent population. Crisis 2010;31:22-29. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000009
  10. Beautrais AL, John Horwood L, Fergusson DM. Knowledge and attitudes about suicide in 25-year-olds. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2004;38:260-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2004.01334.x
  11. Shikha Kapur. Adolescence: the stage of transition. Horizons of Holistic Education 2015;2:233-250.
  12. Baumrind D. Current patterns of parental authority. Dev Psychol 1971;4:1-103. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0030372
  13. Hair EC, Jager J, Garrett SB. Helping teens develop healthy social skills and relationships: what the research shows about navigating adolescence. Washington, DC: Child Trends;2002.
  14. Lai KW, McBride-Chang C. Suicidal ideation, parenting style, and family climate among Hong Kong adolescents. Int J Psychol 2001;36:81-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590042000065
  15. Fergusson DM, Woodward LJ, Horwood LJ. Risk factors and life processes associated with the onset of suicidal behaviour during adolescence and early adulthood. Psychol Med 2000;30:23-39. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329179900135X
  16. Gau SS, Chen YY, Tsai FJ, Lee MB, Chiu YN, Soong WT, et al. Risk factors for suicide in Taiwanese college students. J Am Coll Health 2008;57:135-142. https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.57.2.135-142
  17. Donath C, Graessel E, Baier D, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. Is parenting style a predictor of suicide attempts in a representative sample of adolescents? BMC Pediatr 2014;14:113. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-14-113
  18. Nunes F, Mota CP. Parenting styles and suicidal ideation in adolescents: mediating effect of attachment. J Child Fam Stud 2017;26:734-747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0611-6
  19. Renberg ES, Jacobsson L. Development of a questionnaire on attitudes towards suicide (ATTS) and its application in a Swedish population. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2003;33:52-64. https://doi.org/10.1521/suli.33.1.52.22784
  20. Kodaka M, Postuvan V, Inagaki M, Yamada M. A systematic review of scales that measure attitudes toward suicide. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2011;57:338-361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764009357399
  21. Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul National University Hospita; Korea Suicide Prevention Center. 2013 national survey on suicide [cited 2019 Spe 24]. Available from URL: http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/jb/sjb030301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=03&MENU_ID=032901&CONT_SEQ=338662.
  22. Buri JR. Parental authority questionnaire. J Pers Assess 1991;57:110-119. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5701_13
  23. Lee HJ, Kang MH. The validation of the PAQ and the relationship with parenting style and family function. Stud Korean Youth 2008;19:5-31.
  24. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1977;1:385-401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
  25. Eaton WW, Smith C, Ybarra M, Muntaner C, Tien A. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: review and revision (CESD and CESD-R). In: Maruish ME, editor. The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment: instruments for adults. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers;2004. p.363-377.
  26. Lee S, Oh ST, Ryu SY, Jun JY, Lee K, Lee E, et al. Validation of the Korean version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (K-CESD-R). Korean J Psychosomatic Med 2016;24:83-93.
  27. Rey JM. Perceptions of poor maternal care are associated with adolescent depression. J Affect Disord 1995;34:95-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(95)00005-8
  28. Heaven PCL, Newbury K, Mak A. The impact of adolescent and parental characteristics on adolescent levels of delinquency and depression. Pers Individ Dif 2004;36:173-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00077-1
  29. Carlo G, Mestre MV, Samper P, Tur A, Armenta BE. The longitudinal relations among dimensions of parenting styles, sympathy, prosocial moral reasoning, and prosocial behaviors. Int J Behav Dev 2011;35:116-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025410375921
  30. Hashimoto K, Sugawara N, Tanaka O, Nakamura K, Yasui-Furukori N. Parental bonding and attitudes toward suicide among medical college students in Japan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014;10:2015-2020.